تحلیل ریدینگ آیلتس جنرال کمبریج 12 - تست 1: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

📝 Question 1:

Visitors can help to make one particular event a success at this festival.

🔹 Correct Answer: G
📍 Location in Passage: Festival G (Bath International Dance Festival). "...including a world-record attempt, where everyone is invited to join in."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "invited to join in" (دعوت به شرکت) در یک تلاش رکورد جهانی به این معنی است که بازدیدکنندگان می‌توانند مستقیماً به موفقیت آن رویداد کمک کنند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال دعوت‌های خاص برای مشارکت مخاطب باشید.

📝 Question 2:

People can listen to local musicians here.

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: Festival D (Wychwood Music Festival). "...many featuring artists from around the Wychwood area..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: هنرمندان from around the Wychwood area (از اطراف منطقه وایچ‌وود) همان موسیقی‌دانان محلی هستند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: مترادف‌های "local" ("from around the area") را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 3:

At this festival, people can listen to music in lots of different places.

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Festival B (The Great Escape). "...more than 300 bands will perform to around 10,000 people in 30-plus venues..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "30-plus venues" (بیش از ۳۰ مکان) به معنی lots of different places است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: داده‌های عددی برای مکان‌ها/محل‌ها را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 4:

It is not necessary to pay for one of the events here.

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Festival A (Bath International Music Festival). "Starting with a great night of free music, 'Party in the City' this year is going to be no exception."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: جشنواره با یک شب "free music" (موسیقی رایگان) آغاز می‌شود.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال ذکر صریح رویدادهای رایگان باشید.

📝 Question 5:

It is possible to stay overnight at this festival.

🔹 Correct Answer: F
📍 Location in Passage: Festival F (The 3 Wishes Faery Festival). "If you don't fancy taking a tent, some local residents usually offer to put visitors up."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اشاره به گرفتن چادر و ساکنان محلی که پیشنهاد می‌دهند "put visitors up" (بازدیدکنندگان را اسکان دهند) تأیید می‌کند که اقامت شبانه ممکن است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: اطلاعات مربوط به مسکن یا اقامت را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 6:

Children will enjoy this festival.

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: Festival D (Wychwood Music Festival). "Rightly nominated for the best family festival award every year since it began in 2005..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: جشنواره‌ای که برای "best family festival award" (بهترین جشنواره خانوادگی) نامزد شده است، جشنواره‌ای است که کودکان از آن لذت خواهند برد.
⚠️ Potential Traps: انتخاب G (رقصندگان از Strictly Come Dancing). در حالی که کودکان ممکن است از این لذت ببرند، D به صراحت برای خانواده‌ها بازاریابی و جایزه داده شده است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: صفات قوی (مانند "family award") را به عنوان شواهد دوستدار کودک بودن شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 7:

Visitors can get advice here.

🔹 Correct Answer: E
📍 Location in Passage: Festival E (Love Food Festival). "...this festival aims to educate visitors about how food should be produced and where it should come from..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: آموزش بازدیدکنندگان (دادن دانش/مشاوره به آنها) در مورد روش‌های تولید مواد غذایی با بیانیه مطابقت دارد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: هدف آموزشی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 8:

People can watch craftspeople at work here.

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Festival C (Springwatch Festival). "...with sheep herding, wood carving demonstrations, insect haunts and more activities..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Wood carving demonstrations" (نمایش‌های کنده‌کاری روی چوب) نمونه‌ای از تماشای صنعتگران در حال کار است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: فعالیت‌های خاص هنری یا صنایع دستی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 9:

When climbing at the Big Rock Centre, it is compulsory to be attached by a rope.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE (B)
📍 Location in Passage: First paragraph. "Master our 11 m-high climbing walls using a rope harness... Or experience the thrills of climbing without any harness in our special low-level arena..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: شما می‌توانید از دیوار ۱۱ متری با طناب بالا بروید، یا در زمین کم ارتفاع بدون هیچ مهار بالا بروید. از آنجایی که گزینه‌ای بدون طناب/مهار وجود دارد، اجباری نیست که به طناب وصل باشید.
⚠️ Potential Traps: نادیده گرفتن "Or" که گزینه جایگزین را می‌دهد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: وجود یک گزینه جایگزین، ماهیت اجباری یک گزینه را نقض می‌کند.

📝 Question 10:

People who just want to watch the climbing can enter the Centre without paying.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN (C)
📍 Location in Passage: Who is Big Rock for? "...If you are visiting the friends or family but not climbing, or just fancy coming to look, please feel free to relax in our excellent cafe overlooking the climbing areas."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: شما می‌توانید در کافه مشرف به منطقه بنشینید. با این حال، متن هیچ اطلاعاتی در مورد هزینه ورودی برای کسانی که صعود نمی‌کنند (مثلاً اینکه آیا می‌توانند بدون پرداخت وارد شوند) ارائه نمی‌دهد.
⚠️ Potential Traps: فرض کردن که چون کافه ذکر شده است، ورود باید رایگان باشد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: در دسترس بودن فضا (کافه) با هزینه ورودی (رایگان) یکسان نیست.

📝 Question 11:

People can arrange to have a climbing session in their own garden if they wish.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE (A)
📍 Location in Passage: Mobile Climbing Wall. "Available on a day hire basis at any location, the Big Rock mobile Climbing Wall is the perfect way to enhance any show festival or event."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: دیوار کوهنوردی متحرک برای اجاره "at any location" (در هر مکانی) از جمله یک باغ خصوصی در دسترس است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: "any location" را به صورت گسترده تفسیر کنید.

📝 Question 12:

A certain item of clothing is forbidden for participants.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE (A)
📍 Location in Passage: Mobile Climbing Wall. "We will however, ask people to remove scarves."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: از مردم خواسته می‌شود شال گردن خود را درآورند، به این معنی که آن مورد از لباس برای شرکت ممنوع است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: موارد خاصی را که باید حذف/مستثنی شوند، شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 13:

The Mobile Climbing Wall can only be used in dry, calm weather.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE (B)
📍 Location in Passage: Mobile Climbing Wall. "The mobile wall is very adaptable and can be operated in light rain and winds up to 50 kph."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: دیوار می‌تواند در "light rain and winds up to 50 kph" استفاده شود، که با این ادعا که فقط در آب و هوای خشک و آرام قابل استفاده است، در تضاد است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال مثال‌های خاصی باشید که مقداردهنده مطلق ("only") را نقض می‌کنند.

📝 Question 14:

It is inadvisable for children who are afraid of heights to use the Mobile Climbing Wall.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE (B)
📍 Location in Passage: Mobile Climbing Wall, second paragraph. "If you are connected that some children may not want to take part because they feel nervous if they climb, then please be assured that our instructors will support then up to a level which they are comfortable with. They will still benefit greatly from the experience."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: متن اطمینان می‌دهد که کودکان مضطرب تا یک سطح راحت حمایت خواهند شد و "still benefit greatly" (هنوز هم سود زیادی خواهند برد). این نشان می‌دهد که توصیه می‌شود یا حداقل قابل قبول است، نه غیر قابل توصیه.
⭐ Key Learning Point: اطمینان و نتیجه مثبت داده شده برای شرکت‌کنندگان عصبی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 15:

Some ___________ will help you to discover the most effective places to advertise.

🔹 Correct Answer: research
📍 Location in Passage: Know where your customers look. "That’s why it pays to do a bit of research. Every time someone contacts your company, ask them where they found out about you."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: انجام کمی "research" (تحقیق) به کشف مکان‌هایی که مشتریان در آنجا به دنبال هستند، کمک می‌کند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: اقدام اولیه مورد نیاز برای تبلیغات مؤثر را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 16:

A ___________ of your customers will show you how they feel about your company.

🔹 Correct Answer: survey
📍 Location in Passage: Always think like a customer. "A simple phone or email survey of your own customers... is invaluable."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: یک "survey" (نظرسنجی) برای کشف احساس آنها (چرا از شما استفاده می‌کنند، چه چیزی را دوست دارند، دوست ندارند) پیشنهاد می‌شود.
⭐ Key Learning Point: روش جمع‌آوری داده‌های خاص را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 17:

A ___________ of forms of advertising will make it more likely that potential customers will find out about you.

🔹 Correct Answer: mix
📍 Location in Passage: Make sure customers know you’re there. "...and using a mix of these increases your chances of being seen (and remembered)."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: یک "mix" (ترکیبی) از اشکال تبلیغات، دید را افزایش می‌دهد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: مفهوم ترکیب رسانه‌های مختلف را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 18:

If you can, provide customers with useful ___________ about your business.

🔹 Correct Answer: updates
📍 Location in Passage: Ignore your customers and they’ll go away. "...send them updates that are helpful, informative and relevant."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اطلاعات پیشنهادی، updates (به‌روزرسانی‌ها) هستند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: نوع ارتباط مداوم را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 19:

Measuring the effects of your advertising can give you ___________ that will improve your business.

🔹 Correct Answer: information
📍 Location in Passage: Know what works (and what doesn’t). "You never know, it might just throw up some information that could change your business for the better."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اندازه‌گیری اثرات می‌تواند به شما information (اطلاعاتی) بدهد که کسب و کار شما را بهبود می‌بخشد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: منفعت اندازه‌گیری را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 20:

Success in finding new customers largely depends on your ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: reputation
📍 Location in Passage: Remember word-of-mouth. "So your reputation is your greatest asset. If your current customers are impressed with your company, they’ll be more inclined to recommend you..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Reputation (شهرت) به عنوان بزرگ‌ترین دارایی و کلید توصیه‌های دهان به دهان نامیده می‌شود.
⭐ Key Learning Point: دارایی کلیدی برای موفقیت دهان به دهان را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 21:

They don’t apply to ___________ workers.

🔹 Correct Answer: self-employed
📍 Location in Passage: Working Time Regulations, second paragraph. "Those defined in the Regulations as being self-employed are currently not covered by the Regulations."
⭐ Key Learning Point: وضعیت اشتغال مستثنی شده را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 22:

Maximum working hours: 60 hours a week, provided the ___________ is no more than 48 hours.

🔹 Correct Answer: average
📍 Location in Passage: What are the limits? "In any single week up to 60 hours can be worked so long as the 48-hour average is maintained."
⭐ Key Learning Point: محدودیت کلیدی برای هفته‌های کاری طولانی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 23:

Night work can be more than 10 hours with the ___________ of the workers.

🔹 Correct Answer: agreement
📍 Location in Passage: What are the limits? "Night work is limited to 10 hours per night, unless there is a workforce agreement to work longer."
⭐ Key Learning Point: شرط تمدید کار شبانه را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 24:

Work includes driving, loading and unloading, and carrying out various ___________ of the vehicle.

🔹 Correct Answer: checks
📍 Location in Passage: What counts as work? "...and those checks that are the responsibility of drivers, such as checking lights, brakes, etc."
⭐ Key Learning Point: وظیفه مرتبط با ایمنی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 25:

Periods of availability include: going on a ___________ or other form of transport with a vehicle

🔹 Correct Answer: train
📍 Location in Passage: Periods of availability. "Accompanying a vehicle being transported, for example by train."
⭐ Key Learning Point: مثال خاص حالت حمل و نقل را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 26:

a period at the workstation when the driver has some ___________ might count as a period of availability

🔹 Correct Answer: freedom
📍 Location in Passage: Periods of availability. "Providing the worker has a reasonable amount of freedom (e.g. they can read and relax) for a known duration. this could satisfy the requirements of a period of availability."
⭐ Key Learning Point: شرط کلیدی برای احتساب دوره ایستگاه کاری به عنوان دوره در دسترس بودن را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 27:

Periods of availability exclude: time spent stopping and starting the vehicle when ___________ causes delays

🔹 Correct Answer: congestion
📍 Location in Passage: Situations when a period of time should not be recorded as a period of availability. "Hold-ups due to congestion, because the driver would be stopping and starting the vehicle."
⭐ Key Learning Point: علت تأخیر مرتبط با ترافیک را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 28:

The ancient Greeks had a number of ___________ concerning automata.

🔹 Correct Answer: myths
📍 Location in Passage: First paragraph. "Several myths show that the ancient Greeks were interested in the creation of automata."
⭐ Key Learning Point: نوع داستان یا افسانه در مورد اتوماتای یونانی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 29:

it seems most likely that the mechanism which controlled them consisted of ___________ which were worked by human operators.

🔹 Correct Answer: levers
📍 Location in Passage: First paragraph. "These were probably activated by levers and powered by human action..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: اجزای مکانیکی خاص را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 30:

Some automata were designed to be ___________ with an educational purpose.

🔹 Correct Answer: tools
📍 Location in Passage: First paragraph. "Automata were sometimes intended as toys, or as tools for demonstrating basic scientific principles."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اتوماتا به عنوان "tools for demonstrating basic scientific principles" (ابزارهایی برای نشان دادن اصول علمی اولیه) به معنی داشتن هدف آموزشی است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: مترادف یک شیء آموزشی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 31:

created an automaton that represented a bird in water, interacting with its surroundings

🔹 Correct Answer: F (Merlin)
📍 Location in Passage: Merlin (F). "Merlin’s silver swan made in 1773, the swan sits in a stream... It soon notices the fish and bends down to catch and eat one, then raises its head..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: قو مرلین با ماهی‌های داخل جریان (محیط اطراف خود) تعامل دارد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: تعامل/تنظیمات خاص را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 32:

created an automaton that performed on a musical instrument

🔹 Correct Answer: E (Vaucanson)
📍 Location in Passage: Vaucanson (E). "He also made a life-size Female flute player. Air passes through the complex mechanism, causing the lips and fingers of the player to move naturally on the flute..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اتوماتای Vaucanson فلوت (یک ساز موسیقی) می‌نواخت.
⭐ Key Learning Point: اجرای موسیقی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 33:

produced documents about how to create automata

🔹 Correct Answer: B (Arab engineers)
📍 Location in Passage: Arab engineers (B). "Much later, Arab engineers of the ninth and thirteenth centuries wrote detailed treatises on how to build programmable musical fountains, mechanical servants, and elaborate clocks."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: مهندسان عرب رساله‌های مفصلی (اسناد) در مورد نحوه ساخت اتوماتا نوشتند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال ایجاد اسناد باشید.

📝 Question 34:

created automata which required a human being to operate the mechanism

🔹 Correct Answer: D (Maillardet)
📍 Location in Passage: Maillardet (D). "Maillardet made extensive use of gearing and cogs to produce automata of horses, worked by turning a handle."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "turning a handle" (چرخاندن یک دسته) عملی است که توسط انسان برای کار با مکانیسم انجام می‌شود.
⭐ Key Learning Point: نیاز به نیروی انسانی خاص ("turning a handle") را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 35:

used air and water power

🔹 Correct Answer: A (Ctesibius)
📍 Location in Passage: Ctesibius (A). "In Egypt, Ctesibius experimented with air pressure and pneumatic principles. One of his creations was a singing blackbird powered by water."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Ctesibius از هر دو فشار هوا (pneumatic principles) و نیروی آب استفاده کرد.
⚠️ Potential Traps: یونانیان باستان (A) نیز از بخار و آب استفاده می‌کردند، اما کار خود Ctesibius به صراحت هر دو (هوا/پنوماتیک و آب) را با جزئیات شرح می‌دهد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: فردی که از هر دو منبع ذکر شده استفاده کرده است، شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 36:

The Mechanical Theatre shows court life inside a ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: palace
📍 Location in Passage: Mechanical Theatre. "The figures inside a palace depict eighteenth- century court life..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: مکان زندگی درباری در داخل تئاتر را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 37:

In the Mechanical Theatre, building workers, butchers and a barber represent various ___________ of the time.

🔹 Correct Answer: trades
📍 Location in Passage: Mechanical Theatre. "A total of 141 mobile and 52 immobile little figures demonstrate all manner of trades of the period: building workers... butchers... a barber..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: مترادف انواع کار/صنایع دستی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 38:

___________ provides the power that operates the Mechanical Theatre.

🔹 Correct Answer: water
📍 Location in Passage: Mechanical Theatre. "The theatre shows great skill in clock making and water technology, consisting of hidden waterwheels..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: منبع قدرت تکنولوژیکی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 39:

New ___________ that developed in the nineteenth century reduced the cost of the production of automata.

🔹 Correct Answer: techniques
📍 Location in Passage: Last paragraph. "During the nineteenth century, mass production techniques meant that automata could be made cheaply and easily..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: فرآیندی را که تولید ارزان را ممکن ساخت، شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 40:

During the nineteenth century, most automata were intended for use by ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: children
📍 Location in Passage: Last paragraph. "...and they became toys for children rather than an expensive adult amusement."
⭐ Key Learning Point: مخاطب/کاربر هدف جدید را شناسایی کنید.