تحلیل ریدینگ آیلتس جنرال کمبریج 12 - تست 4: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

📝 Question 1:

It needs members who can find ways of increasing audience numbers.

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Club C (Whitehay Philharmonic). "...members with marketing experience are particularly welcome, in order to build sales [of tickets]."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: تجربه بازاریابی برای build sales (افزایش تعداد مخاطبان/فروش بلیط) مورد نیاز است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: مهارت‌های مورد نیاز برای تقویت عملکرد تجاری را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 2:

All its members perform in club concerts.

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Club A (Whitehay Youth Music). "Two concerts are performed every year, and every member takes part."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Every member takes part" (هر عضو شرکت می‌کند)، تأیید می‌کند که همه اعضا اجرا می‌کنند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال مقداردهنده‌های شمول مطلق ("every member") باشید.

📝 Question 3:

It distributes information about musical events to its members.

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: Club D (Whitehay Music Society). "As a member, you will receive a monthly newsletter describing our work, and containing details of concerts, operas and other performances, both locally and nationally."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: خبرنامه حاوی جزئیاتی از رویدادهای موسیقی است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: کانال ارتباطی و محتوای آن را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 4:

It requires its members to have reached a certain level as performers.

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Club A (Whitehay Youth Music). "Members must have reached at least an intermediate standard on their instrument."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اعضا باید حداقل به یک "intermediate standard" (استاندارد متوسط) رسیده باشند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: پیش‌نیازهای مهارتی صریح را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 5:

One of its aims is to introduce its members to music they may not be familiar with.

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Club B (Whitehay Music Club). "...listen to recordings of both well-known and not so well-known music."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: گوش دادن به "not so well-known music" (موسیقی نه چندان شناخته شده) به هدف معرفی موسیقی ناآشنا می‌رسد.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال توصیف رسانه‌ای باشید که نشان‌دهنده مواجهه جدید است.

📝 Question 6:

It helps children to develop their musical skills.

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Club A (Whitehay Youth Music). "Whitehay Youth Music is intended for anyone aged between 6 and 14... for rehearsals and for workshops in which members learn how to improve their playing."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: موسیقی جوانان برای کودکان (۶ تا ۱۴ سال) است و کارگاه‌هایی برای improve their playing (توسعه مهارت‌ها) فراهم می‌کند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: گروه سنی هدف و فعالیتی را که مهارت را بهبود می‌بخشد، شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 7:

Its performances are popular with local people.

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Club C (Whitehay Philharmonic). "Two or three times a year, it performs a wide range of music to large and appreciative audiences from the area..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: اجرا برای "large and appreciative audiences from the area" به این معنی است که اجراها با استقبال مردم محلی روبرو می‌شوند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال شواهدی از حضور بالا و پذیرش مثبت باشید.

📝 Question 8:

It helps people who are in financial need.

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: Club D (Whitehay Music Society). "The money raised is used to support professional musicians if, for example, illness prevents them from earning a living."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: حمایت از نوازندگانی که به دلیل بیماری نمی‌توانند درآمد کسب کنند، کمک به افراد نیازمند مالی است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: هدف خیریه یا حمایتی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 9:

If you come by car, ___________ will tell you where to park it.

🔹 Correct Answer: Security
📍 Location in Passage: Second paragraph. "They will contact Security, who will identify the area where you should park your car."
⭐ Key Learning Point: پرسنل خاص مسئول راهنمایی پارکینگ را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 10:

Advice on ___________ can be seen on noticeboards.

🔹 Correct Answer: safety
📍 Location in Passage: Third paragraph. "For your own safety, please follow the instructions displayed on noticeboards around the campus..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: هدف دستورالعمل‌ها در تابلوهای اعلانات را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 11:

You will need to obtain authorisation before touching equipment such as ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: machinery
📍 Location in Passage: Third paragraph. "Do not enter any restricted areas or touch any machinery or other equipment unless authorised."
⭐ Key Learning Point: اصطلاح کلی برای تجهیزات را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 12:

Permission from the management is required if you want to do any kind of ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: photography
📍 Location in Passage: Fourth paragraph. "Unless your host has previously obtained permission from the Institute management, photography, whether still or video, is not permitted in any part of the campus."
⭐ Key Learning Point: فعالیت خاص نیازمند مجوز مدیریت را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 13:

The Institute does not provide a ___________ for children visiting the campus.

🔹 Correct Answer: nursery
📍 Location in Passage: Fifth paragraph. "No nursery facilities are available for visiting children."
⭐ Key Learning Point: تسهیلات خاص کودک که در دسترس نیست، شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 14:

You should phone 3333 if any kind of ___________ occurs.

🔹 Correct Answer: accident
📍 Location in Passage: Last paragraph. "In the event of an accident, call 3333 and request the assistance of site first-aid personnel."
⭐ Key Learning Point: رویداد اضطراری مرتبط با شماره تماس را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 15:

When negotiating a salary, potential employees should take advantage of the company’s view of them as a useful ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: asset
📍 Location in Passage: Second paragraph. "...it’s because the organisation sees you as a valuable asset and you should try to set your level of remuneration accordingly."
⭐ Key Learning Point: ارزیابی شرکت از کارمند بالقوه را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 16:

When negotiating a salary it is important to be aware of the company’s particular ___________.

🔹 Correct Answer: culture
📍 Location in Passage: Third paragraph. "...but being sensitive to the culture of the organisation is essential."
⭐ Key Learning Point: عامل سازمانی که بر زمان/سبک مذاکره تأثیر می‌گذارد را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 17:

Some people use the ___________ to monitor salaries offered for similar positions.

🔹 Correct Answer: internet
📍 Location in Passage: Third paragraph. "You can look at the range of packages offered for comparable jobs in adverts on the internet..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: منبع خارجی مورد استفاده برای تحقیقات بازار را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 18:

People who belong to a ___________ can ask for recommendations on what is the norm for payment in their field.

🔹 Correct Answer: union
📍 Location in Passage: Third paragraph. "Finally, if you’re a member of a union, they will have information on acceptable salary ranges for your profession."
⭐ Key Learning Point: نهاد سازمانی که توصیه‌های حقوقی را ارائه می‌دهد را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 19:

Some people try to arrange for a ___________ of their salary to be carried out after an initial period.

🔹 Correct Answer: review
📍 Location in Passage: Fourth paragraph. "...you could negotiate an early pay review instead, say after the first six months."
⭐ Key Learning Point: فرآیند مورد استفاده برای افزایش احتمالی حقوق در آینده را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 20:

It is important to be willing to accept a ___________ if the negotiations are getting nowhere.

🔹 Correct Answer: compromise
📍 Location in Passage: Last paragraph. "...be prepared to agree to a compromise if you really want the job."
⭐ Key Learning Point: اقدام مورد نیاز برای نتیجه‌گیری مذاکرات متوقف شده را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 21:

Bear in mind that your aim should be to keep to both the agreed deadline and the ___________ for the project.

🔹 Correct Answer: budget
📍 Location in Passage: First paragraph. "A project manager’s main task is to bring a particular project to completion, both on time and within budget."
⭐ Key Learning Point: محدودیت کلیدی دوم برای تکمیل پروژه را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 22:

Fix the details at the start to prevent what is called ___________ the client asking for more and more.

🔹 Correct Answer: scope creep
📍 Location in Passage: 1. Prepare the framework. "...This is critical to avoid problems of ‘scope creep’, which is when the company paying for the project asks for ‘just one more little thing’ repeatedly..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: اصطلاح خاص برای تغییرات افزایشی در الزامات را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 23:

Choose the team members wisely so that their ___________ match the duties you want them to take on.

🔹 Correct Answer: skills
📍 Location in Passage: 2. Select the team. "...make sure that their skills align with their roles."
⭐ Key Learning Point: کیفیت پرسنل که باید با نقش همخوانی داشته باشد را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 24:

Promote good ___________ at all times so everyone knows what you require of them.

🔹 Correct Answer: communication
📍 Location in Passage: 2. Select the team. "Clear communication is critical."
⭐ Key Learning Point: کیفیت ارتباطی که حیاتی است را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 25:

Make sure ___________ are set so you can check whether the project is running to schedule.

🔹 Correct Answer: milestones
📍 Location in Passage: 3. Staying on track. "You will need interim milestones, especially for a long-term project, so that you can determine if you are staying on track..."
⭐ Key Learning Point: چک‌های دوره‌ای برای ردیابی پیشرفت را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 26:

Prepare ___________ which can be activated if things go wrong on the project.

🔹 Correct Answer: plans
📍 Location in Passage: 4. Manage project risks. "...you should now put contingency plans in place for certain occurrences."
⭐ Key Learning Point: آماده‌سازی‌های لازم برای ریسک‌ها را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 27:

Once the project is over, produce a ___________ outlining its strengths and weaknesses for future reference.

🔹 Correct Answer: report
📍 Location in Passage: 5. Evaluate the project. "...it’s important to write a report, even if it is only for internal purposes."
⭐ Key Learning Point: سند اجباری برای ارزیابی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 28:

a record that is being kept of manta rays in the area

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph D. "Guy Stevens... has identified more than 2,000 individual manta rays, photographing and cataloguing them according to their distinctive skin patterns."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: کار گای استیونز شامل شناسایی و کاتالوگ کردن پرتوهای مانتا است، که تعریف نگهداری سوابق است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: فرآیند تحقیقاتی فعال (عکاسی و کاتالوگ کردن) را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 29:

something that the writer regrets

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph B. "Once, over-enthusiastically, I swim towards a manta... To my surprise, the whole fish twitches in alarm and shoots off... I feel ashamed to have given it a fright."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: نویسنده به صراحت بیان می‌کند، "I feel ashamed to have given it a fright" (شرمنده هستم که آن را ترسانده‌ام)، که بیان پشیمانی است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: به دنبال بازتاب عاطفی خاص باشید.

📝 Question 30:

the reason for the writer’s visit

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph C. "I have come to Hanifaru... especially to see manta rays."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: نویسنده بیان می‌کند که به ویژه برای دیدن پرتوهای مانتا آمده است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: هدف اعلام شده سفر را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 31:

It is difficult to distinguish one manta ray from another.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE (B)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph D. "Guy Stevens... has identified more than 2,000 individual manta rays, photographing and cataloguing them according to their distinctive skin patterns."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: مانتاها بر اساس "distinctive skin patterns" (الگوهای پوستی متمایز) کاتالوگ می‌شوند، که نشان می‌دهد قابل شناسایی هستند و بنابراین تمایز قائل شدن بین آنها دشوار نیست.
⚠️ Potential Traps: فرض کردن که شناسایی ۲۰۰۰ فرد دشوار است. روش شناسایی آنها ثابت می‌کند که ممکن است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: ویژگی مورد استفاده برای شناسایی فردی را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 32:

For hotel guests, viewing manta rays feeding has to be arranged at short notice.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE (A)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph D. "Feeding events... are never guaranteed, but, during the season, hotel guests can sign up for ‘manta alerts’. If Guy and his research assistants spot significant manta activity, the guests will be brought by fast speedboat to the lagoon..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: مهمانان برای "manta alerts" ثبت نام می‌کنند و فقط زمانی که فعالیت مشاهده شود با قایق موتوری سریع آورده می‌شوند. این فرآیند تأیید می‌کند که بازدید در کوتاه‌ترین زمان ممکن ترتیب داده می‌شود.
⭐ Key Learning Point: سیستم "alert" و سفر تضمین شده را به عنوان کوتاه‌مدت تفسیر کنید.

📝 Question 33:

The manta rays appear to object to the presence of people in the water while they are feeding.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE (B)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph D. "They seem not to mind the human competition in this quite small space, and indeed they are often joined by other rays and even giant whale sharks..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: مانتاها "seem not to mind" (به نظر نمی‌رسد اهمیت دهند) به حضور انسان، که با این ایده که آنها اعتراض می‌کنند، در تضاد است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: بیانیه خاص تحمل را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 34:

Guy Stevens is concerned about the increasing interest in Hanifaru.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE (A)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph E. "It is something that Guy has been monitoring closely. ‘Word is out that Hanifaru is a top manta spot,’ he explains, ‘and although the government has declared the bay a “protected area”, we still don’t have any regulations in force to limit the number of people in the water at any one time.’"
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: گای به دلیل فقدان مقررات برای محدود کردن تعداد افراد، که نشان‌دهنده نگرانی در مورد علاقه فزاینده است، به دقت نظارت می‌کند.
⭐ Key Learning Point: اختلاف بین وضعیت حفاظت و فقدان مقررات را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 35:

Mohamed Nasheed succeeded in persuading certain other countries to take steps to protect the environment.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN (C)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph F. "In 2009 he held an underwater cabinet meeting, urging other world leaders to act decisively to combat climate change."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: از ناشیاد به عنوان درخواست کننده اقدام از رهبران دیگر یاد شده است. متن هیچ اطلاعاتی در مورد موفقیت او در متقاعد کردن آنها ارائه نمی‌دهد.
⚠️ Potential Traps: فرض کردن که درخواست منجر به موفقیت می‌شود. نتیجه Not Given است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: بین درخواست اقدام و دستیابی به موفقیت تمایز قائل شوید.

📝 Question 36:

A procedure has now been established to control the number of visitors.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE (B)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph E. "...we still don’t have any regulations in force to limit the number of people in the water at any one time.’" Paragraph H. "‘We’re working to get a full-time ranger station and some kind of permit system..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: در پاراگراف E، گای می‌گوید هنوز مقرراتی در حال اجرا نیست. در پاراگراف H، او می‌گوید آنها هنوز در حال کار برای ایجاد یک سیستم مجوز هستند. این تأیید می‌کند که رویه/کنترل هنوز ایجاد نشده است.
⭐ Key Learning Point: تفاوت بین "در حال کار برای" یک برنامه و "ایجاد شده" یک برنامه را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 37:

During certain times of year, depending on the weather conditions and the tides, manta rays collect to look for ___________ to feed on.

🔹 Correct Answer: plankton
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph C. "...enter a shallow cul-de-sac in the reef to hunt for plankton, their main source of nutrition."
⭐ Key Learning Point: منبع اصلی غذایی پرتو مانتا را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 38:

As for keeping clean, they are kept free from ___________ by smaller fish.

🔹 Correct Answer: parasites
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph G. "...wait while small fish pick at their skin, removing parasites."
⭐ Key Learning Point: ارگانیسم‌های ناخواسته‌ای را که توسط ماهی‌های کوچک حذف می‌شوند، شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 39:

Adapted for fast swimming with their flattened bodies, they can accelerate rapidly with a twitch of their __________.

🔹 Correct Answer: wings
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph G. "Adapted for fast swimming with their flattened bodies, they can accelerate rapidly with a twitch of their wings."
⭐ Key Learning Point: قسمت بدن مورد استفاده برای شتاب را شناسایی کنید.

📝 Question 40:

The nature of the manta's ___________ is of particular interest to scientists.

🔹 Correct Answer: brain
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph G. "The manta rays have the biggest brain of any fish,’ Guy explains, ‘and some manta researchers are convinced that mantas can recognise individual people underwater.’"
⭐ Key Learning Point: قسمت بدن که بزرگ‌ترین اندازه را دارد و مورد علاقه علمی است را شناسایی کنید.