تحلیل ریدینگ آیلتس جنرال کمبریج 17 - تست 4: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

مقدمه: بخش ریدینگ آیلتس جنرال، توانایی شما در درک متون کاربردی و روزمره را می‌سنجد. برای موفقیت در این بخش، باید با انواع مختلف متن و سوالات آشنا باشید و بتوانید اطلاعات مورد نیاز را به سرعت پیدا کنید. در این راهنما، تحلیل تست ۴ ریدینگ جنرال از کتاب آیلتس کمبریج ۱۷ (Cambridge IELTS 17) را به صورت جامع انجام می‌دهیم. هدف ما آموزش استراتژی‌های موثر برای مدیریت زمان و پاسخ‌دهی دقیق به سوالات متنوع این بخش، از جمله سوالات مربوط به تبلیغات، اطلاعیه‌ها و متون بلندتر است. با مطالعه این تحلیل، با ساختار آزمون بیشتر آشنا شده و با اعتماد به نفس بالاتری تمرین خواهید کرد. 

پالت ناوبری سوالات (Question Navigation)

SECTION 1: Outdoor Activities & Sixth Form

Outdoor Activities (Questions 1-7 - Matching Information)

📝 Question 1: running in the evening

🔹 Correct Answer: E
📍 Location in Passage: Shelford Family Wild Outing (E). "...then have a gentle jog along the River Wale by moonlight..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: A "gentle jog" is a form of running, and "by moonlight" confirms the activity takes place in the evening/night.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. This is a direct factual statement.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Match the activity ("jog") with the time of day ("by moonlight," "evening").

📝 Question 2: seeing newborn animals

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Pugsley Beach Nature Reserve (B). "...the autumn is when hundreds of grey seals arrive on the beach to have their young."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Seals arriving to have "their young" (newborn animals) confirms the statement.
⚠️ Potential Traps: D mentions a petting zoo, but not explicitly newborn animals.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for words indicating birth or young creatures ("newborn," "young").

📝 Question 3: parents and children doing different activities at the same time

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: Craven Discovery Centre (D). "...youngsters are introduced to the animals in our petting zoo... Meanwhile, the adults can take part in one of our woodland activities..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Youngsters doing the zoo/walk and adults doing woodland activities "Meanwhile" confirms parents and children doing different activities at the same time.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for the word "Meanwhile" or phrases that separate activities by age group.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the word "Meanwhile" or phrases that separate activities by age group.

📝 Question 4: choosing from alternative routes

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Perry Forest (A). "So whether you want a short stroll on level ground, or a more challenging walk to the top of Shepherds Hill, we have something for you."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The walks offer a choice between a "short stroll on level ground" and a "more challenging walk," confirming a choice from alternative routes.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for explicit options or graded levels of difficulty.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for explicit options or graded levels of difficulty.

📝 Question 5: learning about how other people help animals

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Marston Hall (C). "...our rangers will show you how they manage wildlife habitats, from providing feeding boxes for squirrels to creating ponds for frogs..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Being shown how the rangers (other people) manage wildlife habitats (help animals) confirms the statement.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for phrases indicating demonstration or education about conservation work.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for phrases indicating demonstration or education about conservation work.

📝 Question 6: an event occurring only at a certain time of the year

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Pugsley Beach Nature Reserve (B). "...but the autumn is when hundreds of grey seals arrive on the beach to have their young."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The arrival of the seals and their young happens specifically in the autumn, confirming the event occurs at a certain time of the year.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for mention of specific seasons or limited time periods.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for mention of specific seasons or limited time periods.

📝 Question 7: identifying where animals have been

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Marston Hall (C). "...They’ll also take you on a short walk through the ancient pine forest in search of animal tracks and signs."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Searching for "animal tracks and signs" is a method of identifying where animals have been.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for words related to physical evidence left by animals.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for words related to physical evidence left by animals.

Hinchingbrooke School Sixth Form (Questions 8-14 - True/False/Not Given)

📝 Question 8: Some sixth-form students intend to start work immediately after leaving school.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "...whether they are planning on going to university, into training or straight into the workplace."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Planning to go "straight into the workplace" is the same as intending to start work immediately after leaving school.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Recognize synonyms: "straight into the workplace" $\approx$ "start work immediately."
⭐ Key Learning Point: Recognize synonyms: "straight into the workplace" $\approx$ "start work immediately."

📝 Question 9: An increasing number of students are accepted at medical school.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "...including growing success in recent years for medical school applicants."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Growing success" in applications means an increasing number of students are accepted.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for indicators of trend/increase ("growing success").
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for indicators of trend/increase ("growing success").

📝 Question 10: Most sixth-form students come from other schools.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "While the majority of sixth-form students enter from the lower school, recent significant expansion of the sixth form is largely the result of an increase in applicants from other schools..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The majority of students come from the lower school (internal students), contradicting the statement that most come from other schools (external students).
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Check the majority claim against the actual source group.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Check the majority claim against the actual source group.

📝 Question 11: External applicants have an interview before they can be accepted.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. Mentions that external students can view course information and find an application form on the website.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text lists application steps and an Open Evening, but does not mention whether external applicants are required to attend an interview before acceptance.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. NOT GIVEN when a specific step in the admission process (interview) is omitted.
⭐ Key Learning Point: NOT GIVEN when a specific step in the admission process (interview) is omitted.

📝 Question 12: Applications to the sixth form can only be made through the MyChoice16 website.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "...If you are an external student whose current school does not use MyChoice16... please see our website for an application form to the school."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: External students can apply via a form on the website if MyChoice16 isn't used, contradicting the statement that applications can only be made through the MyChoice16 website.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Check the exception/alternative method provided in the text against the absolute claim ("only").
⭐ Key Learning Point: Check the exception/alternative method provided in the text against the absolute claim ("only").

📝 Question 13: External applicants can talk to current students at the Open Evening.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "We hold an annual Open Evening in the autumn term when you can come and view our facilities and ask any questions you may have."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Applicants can view facilities and ask questions, but the text does not state that they can talk to current students.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. The text confirms the event and some activities, but not the specific interaction with current students.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The text confirms the event and some activities, but not the specific interaction with current students.

📝 Question 14: Students meet their tutor whenever one of them requests a meeting.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 5. "You will meet with your tutor at a fixed time every fortnight to discuss progress and any concerns..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Meetings occur at a "fixed time every fortnight," not whenever one of them requests a meeting.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Check the frequency/condition of scheduling ("fixed time") against the statement's implication of spontaneity.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Check the frequency/condition of scheduling ("fixed time") against the statement's implication of spontaneity.

SECTION 2: Tree Cutters & Plumbing Skills

Tree Cutters at Work (Questions 15-21 - Flowchart Completion)

📝 Question 15: Chainsaws, clothing, and all tools are then loaded onto the lorry.

🔹 Correct Answer: tools
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "...things like petrol-driven Chainsaws of varying sizes, helmets and waterproofs, spades, rakes and other tools, etc. must all go on the truck..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The equipment loaded includes chainsaws, clothing, and tools.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'equipment' (too general) or 'helmets'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the general noun that covers the missing items in the list.

📝 Question 16: The team talk briefly at the site about the overall procedure before the work begins.

🔹 Correct Answer: procedure
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "On arrival at the site, we have a quick discussion on the procedure for the day."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The team discusses the procedure for the day.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'discussion' or 'day'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the plan/plan of action that is discussed.

📝 Question 17: The climber’s anchor point must have the necessary height and strength for the job.

🔹 Correct Answer: strength
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "...but also have sufficient strength to support the climber."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The anchor point must have sufficient strength to support the climber.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'support' or 'climber'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the physical property required for the anchor point.

📝 Question 18: A pulley and some rope assist in the removal of the top branches.

🔹 Correct Answer: rope
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "This involves placing a pulley in the tree and using thick rope to drag the branches down."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: A pulley and thick rope are used to drag the branches down.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'pulley' (already mentioned) or 'thick'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the material used alongside the pulley.

📝 Question 19: At this point, signs are placed on the footpath.

🔹 Correct Answer: footpath
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "On the other side of the perimeter fence is a wide grass verge and then a footpath, where I set up a number of signs to alert the public..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Signs are placed on the footpath to alert the public.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'verge' or 'signs' (already mentioned).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the location where the public safety measure is deployed.

📝 Question 20: For safety, the actions of both the tree cutter and pedestrians must be regularly checked.

🔹 Correct Answer: pedestrians
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "Working alongside a road requires vigilance, so I monitor the movements of pedestrians, and as Gary starts work, I watch what he’s doing, so I can ensure safety."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The supervisor monitors the movements of the tree cutter (Gary) and pedestrians.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'movements' or 'Gary'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the second group whose actions are monitored for safety.

📝 Question 21: A special machine creates chippings out of some of the wood.

🔹 Correct Answer: chippings
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "...and feeds the machine that dices them into very small pieces called wood chippings."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The machine dices the wood into wood chippings.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'wood' (often assumed) or 'dices'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the final product created by the machine.

Plumbing Skills (Questions 22-27 - Table Completion)

📝 Question 22: Working underfloor in a narrow area

🔹 Correct Answer: narrow
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "They may need to take place in a narrow space that is often only about 35 centimetres deep."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Residential plumbers often work in a narrow space.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'space' or '35 centimetres'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the adjective describing the area.

📝 Question 23: Always use the appropriate cutting chart for each tool

🔹 Correct Answer: cutting chart
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "...read and understand the cutting chart that accompanies each of his tools..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The plumber must understand the cutting chart for each tool.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'tools' or 'read'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the specific document to be used.

📝 Question 24: Consider how different tradespeople will be affected

🔹 Correct Answer: tradespeople
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "...and visualise how his work will impact on other tradespeople, before proceeding."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Plumbers must consider the impact on other tradespeople.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'impact' or 'work'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the group of people affected by the work.

📝 Question 25: Take images of structures to locate important materials like reinforcing steel

🔹 Correct Answer: reinforcing steel
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "...the floors and walls must be X-rayed prior to drilling in order to avoid hitting key elements such as reinforcing steel."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: X-rays are used to locate reinforcing steel.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'X-rayed' or 'drilling'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the specific material that must be avoided.

📝 Question 26: Providing quick, cost-effective solutions

🔹 Correct Answer: cost-effective
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "...and then take the appropriate action to rectify the issue in a fast and cost-effective way."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Solutions must be fast and cost-effective.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'fast' or 'way'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the financial metric for the solution.

📝 Question 27: Deal well with people who have a lot of inconvenience or disruption as a result of their problems

🔹 Correct Answer: inconvenience
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "Often service plumbers encounter residential or commercial customers who are either facing great inconvenience or have had their operations severely disrupted..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Customers face great inconvenience or disruption.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'disruption' or 'customers'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the customer problem listed alongside disruption.

SECTION 3: The Dormouse

The Dormouse (Questions 28-31 - Summary Completion)

📝 Question 28: Then vets gave them a thorough check.

🔹 Correct Answer: vets
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "...After examination by vets the dormice were placed in their soft release accommodation in pairs."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The dormice were examined by vets after quarantine.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'examination' or 'quarantine'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the professionals who conducted the check.

📝 Question 29: The team divided the animals into pairs before introducing them to their temporary tree homes.

🔹 Correct Answer: pairs
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "...After examination by vets the dormice were placed in their soft release accommodation in pairs."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The dormice were placed in their accommodation in pairs.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'accommodation' or 'boxes'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the group size for the release.

📝 Question 30: Initially, the dormice could not get out, but the team brought food on a regular basis.

🔹 Correct Answer: food
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "For 10 days the dormice were checked and given food daily then a small opening was made..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The team gave the dormice food daily.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'daily' or 'opening'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the item given to the dormice daily.

📝 Question 31: Then, before the animals were ready to start their annual hibernation in the autumn, the team took their temporary homes away; they intend to return and review the success of the project next year.

🔹 Correct Answer: hibernation
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "Everything was removed in October when the animals started preparing to go into hibernation for the winter."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The homes were removed when the animals started preparing for hibernation.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'winter' or 'October'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the biological state the dormice were entering.

The Dormouse (Questions 32-36 - Multiple Choice)

📝 Question 32: Ian White says that one aim of releasing 40 dormice in Wensleydale is to

🔹 Correct Answer: D. get the group to mix with others that live nearby.
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "However a distinctive factor of this release White explained is the intention of linking up with another released dormouse population 3 miles away by managing the land between."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The intention of "linking up with another released dormouse population" is the aim to get the group to mix with others that live nearby.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. This is the explicitly stated goal for the Wensleydale group.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the specific, strategic goal for the released population.

📝 Question 33: Coppicing is mentioned in the fourth paragraph as an example of

🔹 Correct Answer: B. what was often done in woodland in the past to help dormice survive.
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "Woodlands were traditionally managed through regularly cutting back certain trees... This system was known as coppicing, and as an added bonus it happened to provide varied food and plenty of light for dormice."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Coppicing was a traditional practice that had the added benefit of helping dormice (by providing food and light).
⚠️ Potential Traps: A is incorrect; coppicing helped dormice, it wasn't a change that affected them negatively.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Distinguish between a historical beneficial practice and a modern detrimental change.

📝 Question 34: Why does Ian White support the widespread reintroduction of dormice?

🔹 Correct Answer: B. The steps taken to help them will also benefit many other animals.
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 5. "‘They promote good woodland management and what’s good for dormice is good for a large range of species.’"
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The measures benefiting dormice (good woodland management) are also beneficial for a large range of species (many other animals).
⚠️ Potential Traps: A, C, and D are incorrect or too limited.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the wider ecological benefit of the reintroduction.

📝 Question 35: What does Helen Meech hope that the dormice project will lead to?

🔹 Correct Answer: B. a public who are used to sharing their environment with wildlife
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6. "...said that such reintroductions would increase people’s familiarity with living with more wild animals once again."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Meech hopes the project increases people's familiarity with living with more wild animals (a public used to sharing their environment).
⚠️ Potential Traps: C is incorrect; she wants to "start with species that will have a lighter impact for now," implying a larger animal reintroduction is for the future.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the desired change in public perception/comfort level.

📝 Question 36: What is suggested about wolves returning to the UK?

🔹 Correct Answer: D. Their presence could revive some damaged environments.
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 9. "But they are critical to the restoration of ecosystems that have been overgrazed by deer."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Being "critical to the restoration of ecosystems" means their presence could revive some damaged environments.
⚠️ Potential Traps: B is incorrect; they "present a low risk to people." C is incorrect; the Scottish Highlands would be an obvious place, not the only place.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the specific ecological function that the species provides.

The Dormouse (Questions 37-40 - Matching Animals)

📝 Question 37: This species has already begun to settle in the UK without human assistance.

🔹 Correct Answer: E. The wild boar
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 11. "The species has been quietly re-establishing itself in the woodlands of Britain for several decades."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Quietly re-establishing itself" means it has already begun to settle in the UK without human assistance.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for phrases indicating natural re-colonization versus reintroduction programs.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for phrases indicating natural re-colonization versus reintroduction programs.

📝 Question 38: This species would be particularly suitable for reintroduction as it is unlikely to try to come into contact with people.

🔹 Correct Answer: A. The lynx
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 7. "The preference of the lynx a shy animal to stay in its woodland habitat would make a threat to livestock of humans unlikely."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The lynx is described as a shy animal that stays in its habitat, making contact unlikely.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Match the animal to the behavioral characteristic ("shy animal").
⭐ Key Learning Point: Match the animal to the behavioral characteristic ("shy animal").

📝 Question 39: it is possible that reintroducing this species could bring considerable financial benefits to one area.

🔹 Correct Answer: C. The wolf
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 9. "...the Scottish Highlands would be an obvious place for their reintroduction and could generate millions of pounds in tourism."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Generating "millions of pounds in tourism" is a considerable financial benefit.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for a direct statement about economic impact/tourism revenue.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for a direct statement about economic impact/tourism revenue.

📝 Question 40: Some countries which have already reintroduced this species have systems to repay farmers if it kills any of their animals.

🔹 Correct Answer: D. The sea eagle
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 10. "Proposals to bring it back to the east of England failed following concerns from landowners about the threat to livestock. Successful schemes in Europe have offered compensation for this."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sea eagle schemes in Europe have offered compensation (repay farmers) for livestock loss.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. Look for the mention of compensation/repayment systems linked to livestock threats.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the mention of compensation/repayment systems linked to livestock threats.