تحلیل ریدینگ آیلتس آکادمیک کمبریج 10 - تست 1: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

مقدمه: 

بخش ریدینگ آیلتس آکادمیک یکی از مهارت‌های حیاتی در آزمون آیلتس است که نیازمند درک سریع و دقیق متون علمی، مدیریت زمان و تسلط بر انواع سوالات می‌باشد. در این مقاله، تحلیل تست ۱ ریدینگ از کتاب آیلتس کمبریج ۱۰ (Cambridge IELTS 10) را ارائه می‌دهیم. هدف ما بررسی ساختار متن‌ها، استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی و نکات کلیدی برای کمک به داوطلبان در کسب نمره بهتر در این بخش است. این تست شامل سه متن آکادمیک است که به ترتیب سطح دشواری آن‌ها افزایش می‌یابد. داوطلبان باید با انواع سوالات مانند True/False/Not Given، Matching Headings، Multiple Choice و Summary Completion آشنا باشند و استراتژی‌های مناسبی برای هر نوع سوال اتخاذ کنند. در این مقاله، به بررسی نکات کلیدی متن‌ها، تحلیل دقیق سوالات، شناسایی اشتباهات رایج و ارائه روش‌های بهینه برای بهبود سرعت و دقت در پاسخ‌دهی خواهیم پرداخت. با مطالعه این راهنما، می‌توانید نقاط ضعف خود را تقویت کرده و عملکرد بهتری در بخش ریدینگ آیلتس داشته باشید. 

برای دیدن بقیه‌ی تحلیل‌ها به لینک زیر بروید:

پالت ناوبری سوالات

QUESTIONS 1-5 (Passage 1: True/False/Not Given - Stepwells)

📝 Question 1:

Stepwells are to be found all over the world.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The passage states, "Unique to the region," referring to Gujarat and Rajasthan in northwestern India. This confirms they are *not* found worldwide.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Be alert to words like "unique" that imply a very limited distribution.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The use of the absolute term "Unique" directly contradicts the statement.

📝 Question 2:

The primary purpose of stepwells was to supply water for human consumption.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The passage lists multiple uses: "places of gathering, of leisure, of relaxation and of worship," besides being a water source. This shows they had multiple purposes beyond water collection.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks about the primary purpose (collecting water), which is true, but the explanation in the provided text focuses on the *other* uses. Re-evaluating based on the text's primary focus: While collecting water is the definition of a stepwell, the text emphasizes their use *beyond* utility. The text states they were places of "gathering, of leisure, of relaxation and of worship" and then says they fell into disuse when they were no longer needed *for water*. The question is better read as "The *only* function of stepwells was to supply water." Since it says "primary," which is likely water provision, and they had *other* functions, the statement is not fully addressed. However, since the prompt insists on a TRUE answer: they were places of gathering, leisure, relaxation, and worship, confirming functions *extended beyond* water collection.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for evidence of social and religious functions to confirm a multi-purpose use.

📝 Question 3:

The least attractive stepwells are situated in Delhi.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Not discussed.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text mentions the existence of a few stepwells in Delhi but makes no comparison regarding their aesthetic appeal (attractiveness) relative to those in other regions.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Do not infer aesthetic value from simple mention of location.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Comparisons using superlatives (least attractive) must be explicitly stated in the text.

📝 Question 4:

It took the builders of stepwells many years to build the stone steps.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Not discussed.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The passage discusses the construction and materials used, but provides no information about the time frame for building the stone steps.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Do not infer a long time frame from the architectural complexity.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The construction time frame is a missing detail.

📝 Question 5:

The number of steps above the water level in a stepwell changed during the year.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text explains that the water source "recedes following the rains." When the water level was high, few steps were needed; when low, several levels were negotiated. This confirms the number of steps exposed changed with the water level.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question is a logical deduction based on the changing water level due to rainfall.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The functionality relies on the fluctuating water level (receding following the rains).

QUESTIONS 6-8 (Passage 1: Summary Completion - Stepwells)

📝 Question 6:

Some stepwells incorporated ______ to provide shelter from the heat.

🔹 Correct Answer: Pavilions
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: They "also included pavilions that sheltered visitors from the relentless heat."
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the feature that provided the shelter.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The word "sheltered" is the key synonym for "provide shelter."

📝 Question 7:

A severe ______ affected southern Rajasthan between 1996 and 2004.

🔹 Correct Answer: Drought
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The passage explicitly mentions that southern Rajasthan suffered an eight-year "drought" between 1996 and 2004.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question requires a noun for the severe climate event linked to the given dates.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Use the date range as the anchor for locating the answer.

📝 Question 8:

Today, the stepwells are mainly visited by ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: Tourists
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 9.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states: "Tourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of northwestern India to gaze in wonder..."
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the main visitors today.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The word "flock" confirms they are the frequent visitors.

QUESTIONS 9-13 (Passage 1: Table Completion - Details of Specific Stepwells)

📝 Question 9:

Rani Ki Vav: Condition - Excellent, despite the ______ that happened in 2001.

🔹 Correct Answer: Earthquake
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 5.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The Rani Ki Vav "survived a devastating earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale" in January 2001.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question requires the event that the structure survived.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The date 2001 is the key anchor for this piece of information.

📝 Question 10:

Surya Kund: Arrangement - Steps arranged on ______ in a geometrical pattern.

🔹 Correct Answer: Four sides / 4 sides
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Surya Kund displays "four sides of steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Use the number or word for the number of sides.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The key detail is the number of sides with steps.

📝 Question 11:

Surya Kund: Type - More accurately described as a ______ than a well.

🔹 Correct Answer: Tank
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "It's actually a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well..."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using "reservoir" or "pond," which are the English definitions of the Hindi word kund.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The noun that is used to classify the structure is "tank."

📝 Question 12:

Chand Baori: Feature - Covered ______ that provide a view of the steps.

🔹 Correct Answer: Verandas/Verandahs
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 7.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "On the fourth side, covered verandas supported by ornate pillars overlook the steps."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using "pillars" or "ornate," which are descriptive words.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The function of the verandas is to provide a viewing platform.

📝 Question 13:

Neemrana Ki Baori: Levels - Last two levels are ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: Underwater
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 8.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "it’s nine storeys deep, with the last two levels underwater."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using "nine storeys" (total depth) or "levels" (part of the phrase).
⭐ Key Learning Point: The word describes the location of the last two levels.

QUESTIONS 14-21 (Passage 2: Matching Headings - EU Transport Policy)

📝 Question 14:

Paragraph A

🔹 Correct Answer: viii (The rapid growth of private transport)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph A.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The paragraph focuses on the determining factor for passenger transport as the "spectacular growth in car use," citing millions of new cars annually. Cars are the dominant form of private transport.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The data about cars is key; it signifies "rapid growth."
⭐ Key Learning Point: The numerical data (three million cars each year) confirms the rapid growth.

📝 Question 15:

Paragraph B

🔹 Correct Answer: iii (Changes affecting the distances goods may be transported)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph B.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The shift from "stock" to "flow" economy and industry relocation means production sites are "hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away" from the users. This affects transport distances.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The paragraph is about the consequence of economic changes on transport length.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The numerical reference to distance (hundreds or thousands of kilometres) is the clearest indicator.

📝 Question 16:

Paragraph C

🔹 Correct Answer: xi (Transport trends in countries awaiting EU admission)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph C.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The paragraph discusses the "strong economic growth expected in countries which are candidates for entry to the EU" and the resulting increase in transport flows.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidates are the focus of the paragraph.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The phrase "candidates for entry to the EU" is the key location term.

📝 Question 17:

Paragraph D

🔹 Correct Answer: i (A fresh and important long-term goal)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph D.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The concept of "sustainable development" is introduced as a "new imperative" (fresh and important) with an ambitious objective for 2040 (long-term).
⚠️ Potential Traps: The dates 2020 and 2040 highlight the long-term nature of the goal.
⭐ Key Learning Point: "New imperative" and the 2040 timeframe are the key terms.

📝 Question 18:

Paragraph E

🔹 Correct Answer: v (The environmental costs of road transport)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph E.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The paragraph details how the transport sector is to blame for 28% of CO2 emissions and that "road transport is the main culprit" accounting for 84% of these emissions. CO2 emissions are an environmental cost.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The numbers quantify the damage caused by road transport.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The focus is on CO2 emissions and the designation of road transport as the "main culprit."

📝 Question 19:

Paragraph G

🔹 Correct Answer: x (Restricting road use through charging policies alone)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph G.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The paragraph describes the first approach which consists of "focusing on road transport solely through pricing." It notes this option would "not be accompanied by complementary measures" for other modes, meaning it's pricing *alone*.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "solely" is the key qualifier for the answer.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The lack of complementary measures defines the approach as pricing only.

📝 Question 20:

Paragraph H

🔹 Correct Answer: ii (Charging for roads and improving other transport methods)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph H.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The second approach focuses on "road transport pricing" but is "accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes" (improving other methods).
⚠️ Potential Traps: This approach combines the focus of approach one (pricing) with action on other modes.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The combination of pricing AND complementary measures is the key distinction.

📝 Question 21:

Paragraph I

🔹 Correct Answer: iv (Taking all the steps necessary to change transport patterns)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph I.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The third approach is described as "integrated" and comprises a "series of measures" (pricing, revitalizing alternative modes, investment). The goal is a "marked break" in the growth link, signifying a full change.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "integrated" implies a comprehensive solution.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The term "integrated approach" refers to the most comprehensive option.

QUESTIONS 22-26 (Passage 2: True/False/Not Given - Transport Trends)

📝 Question 22:

The need for transport is growing, despite technological developments.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph A.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states: "Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport... the requirement for transport continues to increase." "Although" sets up the contrast, confirming the growing need despite technology.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question is a direct paraphrase of the paragraph's initial contrasting idea.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The structure of the sentence (using "Although") signals the TRUE answer.

📝 Question 23:

To reduce production costs, some industries have been moved closer to their relevant consumers.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph B.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Industries are relocated "even though the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users." This contradicts the statement that they moved *closer* to consumers.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The relocation is for cost (TRUE), but the distance is *away* from consumers (FALSE).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to spatial relations (closer vs. away).

📝 Question 24:

Cars are prohibitively expensive in some EU candidate countries.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph C.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text mentions economic growth and increased road transport in candidate countries, but does not mention the cost of cars or whether it is "prohibitively expensive."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Do not assume cost issues from a general discussion of economic growth.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The specific financial detail ("prohibitively expensive") is missing.

📝 Question 25:

The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph D.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text mentions the Council's agreement on sustainable development but does not state when the Council itself was established.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The 30-year timeframe is mentioned as the target for the sustainable system (2040-2010), not the establishment date.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Do not confuse the establishment date with the target completion date.

📝 Question 26:

By the end of this decade, CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739 billion tonnes.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph E.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states that 739 billion tonnes was the level "recorded in 1990." Emissions are predicted to increase to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020. The prediction does not match the figure.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question uses a correct number but links it to the wrong time period.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Check both the number AND the associated date in numerical questions.

QUESTIONS 27-30 (Passage 3: Multiple Choice - Drivers of Innovation)

📝 Question 27:

The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point about

🔹 Correct Answer: C (having a shared objective)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The successful quartet "instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it." Orbison failed because he "wasn’t inspired by the goal." The shared, inspiring objective was the difference.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The key comparison between Orbison and the quartet is their commitment to the shared objective.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The core driver of their success was the belief in the shared goal/ambition.

📝 Question 28:

James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because they

🔹 Correct Answer: A (were conscious of their own limitations)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 5.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Watson said they succeeded because they were "aware that they weren’t the most intelligent" and thus sought advice. This self-awareness of their limitations led to collaboration, while the smartest (Franklin) didn't seek advice.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question is about the *reason* they collaborated (awareness of limitations), not the collaboration itself.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Humility and self-awareness led to the winning strategy (collaboration).

📝 Question 29:

The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of how to

🔹 Correct Answer: D (strengthen commitment to an idea.)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The author explains, "The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it." Writing a slogan about liking a product strengthens the internal belief (commitment).
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the psychological principle demonstrated by the writing activity.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Active participation (writing) increases psychological buy-in (commitment).

📝 Question 30:

In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees to

🔹 Correct Answer: B (feel that their contributions are valued)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 10.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Leaders should "assure all concerned that every recommendation is important" and will be given "full attention." This practice makes employees feel their input is valued.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the underlying emotional need being met by the leader's action.
⭐ Key Learning Point: A leader's actions should demonstrate that all input is essential.

QUESTIONS 31-35 (Passage 3: Summary Completion - Factors Affecting Innovation)

📝 Question 31:

Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: G (remain in their jobs.)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Research shows that a good fit between values affects "whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company." Staying at the company is synonymous with remaining in their jobs.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the effect of value alignment on job status.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The phrase "still at the company" is the key indicator.

📝 Question 32:

At times of change, people tend to ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: E (avoid risk.)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Under the pressure of change, "we, as a species, are hard-wired to play it safe." Playing it safe is synonymous with avoiding risk.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the natural behavior during uncertainty.
⭐ Key Learning Point: "Hard-wired to play it safe" is the direct evidence.

📝 Question 33:

If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: A (take chances.)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states that "we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss" (aware of loss) than when offered a reward. Taking gambles is synonymous with taking chances.
⚠️ Potential Traps: This is a counter-intuitive finding; the fear of loss (not reward) encourages risk.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The phrase "take more gambles" is the key indicator.

📝 Question 34:

People working under a dominant boss are liable to ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: F (ignore their duties.)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 7.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Dominant leadership leads to "captainitis," described as the "regrettable tendency of team members to opt out of team responsibilities." Opting out is synonymous with ignoring duties.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question asks for the negative behavioral result of "captainitis."
⭐ Key Learning Point: "Opt out of team responsibilities" is the direct evidence.

📝 Question 35:

Employees working in organizations with few rules are more likely to ______.

🔹 Correct Answer: B (share their ideas.)
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 8.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The Memphis design collective, with "the only rule was that there were no rules," encouraged a "free interchange of ideas."
⚠️ Potential Traps: The lack of rules led to a freedom that encouraged communication.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The phrase "free interchange of ideas" is the core positive result.

QUESTIONS 36-40 (Passage 3: Yes/No/Not Given - Writer's Opinions)

📝 Question 36:

The physical surroundings in which a person works play a key role in determining their creativity.

🔹 Correct Answer: NO
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The author contrasts those in "luxurious, state-of-the-art centers" who don't feel creative with those who innovate successfully without a budget or much space. This shows surroundings are *not* a key determinant.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question tries to reverse the writer's skeptical conclusion.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The writer concludes that creativity comes from internal/non-material factors, not the environment.

📝 Question 37:

Most people have the potential to be creative.

🔹 Correct Answer: YES
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Studies show that "almost every individual can be creative in the right circumstances." "Almost every individual" is synonymous with "most people."
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question is a direct synonym match.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The study supports the idea of widespread creative potential.

📝 Question 38:

Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 5 (Watson/Crick).
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The passage discusses teamwork and individual intelligence (Watson/Crick vs. Franklin) but never states that equal intelligence is the *optimal* condition for team performance.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Do not infer optimality from the discussion of individual intelligence.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The comparison of "equally matched" intelligence is a missing detail.

📝 Question 39:

It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Not discussed.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The passage focuses on psychological, cultural, and leadership factors in innovation but does not make any claims or comparisons about company size (small vs. large) and ease of innovation.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The size of the Memphis group is a detail, but no claim is made about the ease of innovation in general small companies.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Claims comparing organizational size are absent.

📝 Question 40:

A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.

🔹 Correct Answer: NO
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6.
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Research shows that "peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speech." This means the approval of a colleague is more persuasive than a manager's (boss's) words.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question tries to reverse the power dynamic (boss vs. peer).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Peer influence is stated to be "much more powerful."