تحلیل لیسنینگ آیلتس آکادمیک و جنرال کمبریج 19 - تست 1: بررسی کامل سوالات و نکات کلیدی

مقدمه

بخش لیسنینگ آزمون آیلتس یکی از مهم‌ترین مهارت‌های مورد نیاز برای موفقیت در این آزمون بین‌المللی است. این بخش برای هر دو نسخه آکادمیک (Academic) و جنرال (General Training) یکسان است و شامل چهار بخش (Section) است که از مکالمات عمومی تا سخنرانی‌های دانشگاهی را پوشش می‌دهد.

در این مقاله، تحلیل تست 1 لیسنینگ از کتاب آیلتس کمبریج 19 (Cambridge IELTS 19) را ارائه خواهیم کرد. این تست شامل چهار بخش مختلف است:

1. بخش اول: مکالمه‌ای بین دو نفر در یک موقعیت روزمره
2. بخش دوم: یک سخنرانی کوتاه در مورد یک موضوع عمومی
3. بخش سوم: گفت‌وگو بین چند نفر در یک محیط آموزشی
4. بخش چهارم: یک سخنرانی دانشگاهی با اطلاعات تخصصی

ما در این بررسی، نوع سوالات هر بخش (مانند Multiple Choice، Form Completion و Matching)، نکات کلیدی برای درک بهتر مکالمات، استراتژی‌های مدیریت زمان و روش‌های جلوگیری از اشتباهات رایج را تحلیل خواهیم کرد تا بتوانید بهترین عملکرد را در آزمون لیسنینگ داشته باشید.

برای دیدن بقیه‌ی تحلیل‌ها به لینک زیر بروید:

PART 1 Questions 1-10

📝 Question 1:
"Area: 1 .... hectares"

🔹 Correct Answer: 69
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Altogether the park covers 170 acres, that’s 69 hectares."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks for the area of the park in hectares. The script directly states the area is "69 hectares."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script mentions "170 acres" first, which could mislead someone who isn't paying close attention to the units.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Always note the units of measurement that a question is asking for.
 

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 2:
"Wetland: lakes, ponds and a 2 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: stream
📍 Location in Audio Script: "There are also several smaller ones, ponds and a stream that flows through the park."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question is looking for the third element listed in the description of the wetland. The word "stream" directly follows "ponds" in the sentence.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The mention of "two large lakes" may distract from finding the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Pay close attention to lists, noting the order the elements appear in.

📝 Question 3:
"Science: children look at 3 .... about plants, etc."

🔹 Correct Answer: data
📍 Location in Audio Script: "They also collect and analyse data about the things they see."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question is asking what children collect and analyze as part of science. The script says they "collect and analyse data."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script mentions "plants, trees, and insects" which could be mistaken for the answer, but those things are what the children study and collect data about.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Differentiate between what something is about and the direct objects or actions related to it.

📝 Question 4:
"Geography: includes learning to use a 4 .... and compass"

🔹 Correct Answer: map
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The park is a great environment to learn and practice reading a map and using a compass."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks what is used with a compass for geography activities. The script mentions "reading a map and using a compass," making "map" the correct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
There are no real traps, but the order of the list could mislead someone.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Focus on direct connections between the question and the script.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 5:
"Leisure and tourism: mostly concentrates on the park’s 5 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: visitors
📍 Location in Audio Script: "That focuses on your visitors, I would imagine."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks what leisure and tourism mostly focuses on. The word "visitors" is used when Sally is speaking about leisure and tourism.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
There are no traps here, as the answer is directly provided by the text.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note when the text directly refers to the answer.

📝 Question 6:
"Music: Children make 6 .... with natural materials, and experiment with rhythm and speed."

🔹 Correct Answer: sounds
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Here the children experiment with natural materials to create sounds and explore rhythm and tempo."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks what children create with natural materials in music. The text states, "experiment with natural materials to create sounds."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
"Rhythm and tempo" is mentioned in the same sentence and could confuse people.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Pay close attention to direct word association.

📝 Question 7:
"They give children a feeling of 7 .... that they may not have elsewhere."

🔹 Correct Answer: freedom
📍 Location in Audio Script: "I would imagine they get a sense of freedom that might not be a normal part of their lives."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question is asking what feeling children get from outdoor education. The text states "they get a sense of freedom."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script uses "sense of freedom", and the question asks for the feeling, which can be paraphrased.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Be aware of synonyms and paraphrasing.

📝 Question 8:
"Children learn new 8 .... and gain self-confidence."

🔹 Correct Answer: skills
📍 Location in Audio Script: "And very often the children discover that they can do things they didn’t know they could do, and they develop new skills."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks what children learn that gives them confidence. The text uses "develop new skills."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
There are no traps as the word "skills" is used directly.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note direct word associations.

📝 Question 9:
"Cost per child: 9 .... £"

🔹 Correct Answer: 4.95
📍 Location in Audio Script: "If there are over 30, it costs £4.95 for each child."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks for the cost per child, and the text says "it costs £4.95 for each child."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script mentions "over 30", which could confuse someone if they don't pay attention.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note numbers and how they apply in context.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 10:
"Adults, such as 10 .... , free"

🔹 Correct Answer: leaders
📍 Location in Audio Script: "There’s no charge for leaders and other adults."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The question asks what kind of adults are free of charge. The text states "there is no charge for leaders."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The text includes "other adults", which could confuse someone, but the answer is "leaders", as it is provided in the script as the first example.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
When identifying examples, note which one comes first.

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SALLY: Good morning. Hinchingbrooke Country Park, Sally speaking. I’m one of the rangers.

JOHN: Oh hello. My name’s John Chapman, and I’m a teaching assistant at a local primary school. I’ve been asked to arrange a visit to the park for two of our classes.

SALLY: OK. What would you like to know?

JOHN: Well, I’m new to this area, so perhaps you could tell me something about the park first, please.

SALLY: Of course. Altogether, the park covers 📍Q1 69 hectares. There are three main types of habitat: wetland, grassland, and woodland. The woods are well established and varied, with an oak plantation and other areas of mixed species.

JOHN: Right.

SALLY: The wetland is quite varied, too. The original farmland was dug up around 40 years ago to extract gravel. Once this work was completed, the gravel pits filled with water, forming the two large lakes. There are also several smaller ones, ponds, and a 📍Q2 stream that flows through the park.

JOHN: OK, so I suppose with these different habitats, there’s quite a variety of wildlife.

SALLY: There certainly is – a lot of different species of birds and insects, and also animals like deer and rabbits.

JOHN: And I understand you organise educational visits for school parties.

SALLY: That’s right. We can organise a wide range of activities and adapt them to suit all ages.

One focus is on science, where we help children to discover and study plants, trees, and insects. They also collect and analyse 📍Q3 data about the things they see.

JOHN: Uhuh.

SALLY: Another focus is on geography. The park is a great environment to learn and practice reading a 📍Q4 map and using a compass to navigate around the park.

JOHN: Do you do anything connected with history?

SALLY: Yes, we do. For instance, the children can explore how the use of the land has changed over time. Then there’s leisure and tourism.

JOHN: That focuses on your 📍Q5 visitors, I would imagine.

CLICK HERE TO GO UP

SALLY: Yes, mostly. The children find out about them, their requirements, the problems they may cause, and how we manage these.

And another subject we cover is music: here, the children experiment with natural materials to create 📍Q6 sounds and explore rhythm and tempo.

JOHN: That must be fun!

SALLY: Most children really enjoy it.

SALLY: And of course, all the activities are educational, too. Learning outside the classroom encourages children to be creative and to explore and discover for themselves.

JOHN: I would imagine they get a sense of 📍Q7 freedom that might not be a normal part of their lives.

SALLY: That’s right. And very often, the children discover that they can do things they didn’t know they could do, and they develop new 📍Q8 skills. This gives them greater self-confidence.

JOHN: It sounds great. So, what about the practical side of it? How much does it cost for a full-day visit? We would expect to bring between 30 and 40 children.

SALLY: If there are over 30, it costs 📍Q9 £4.95 for each child who attends on the day. We invoice you afterward, so you don’t pay for children who can’t come because of sickness, for example. There’s no charge for 📍Q10 leaders and other adults – as many as you want to bring.

JOHN: That sounds very fair. Well, thanks for all the information. I’ll need to discuss it with my colleagues, and I hope to get back to you soon to make a booking.

SALLY: We’ll look forward to hearing from you. Goodbye.

JOHN: Goodbye, and thank you.

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PART 2 Questions 11-20

📝 Question 11:
"During the visit to Malatte, in France, members especially enjoyed:
A) going to a theme park.
B) experiencing a river trip.
C) visiting a cheese factory."**

🔹 Correct Answer: B) experiencing a river trip
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The theme park trip had to be cancelled, but we all had a great time on the final boat trip down the river – that was the real highlight."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script mentions the theme park was cancelled and uses the phrase "real highlight" when speaking about the boat trip.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script mentions both a theme park and cheese factory, but the theme park trip was canceled, so it is not the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note when the script specifically states something did not happen.

📝 Question 12:
"What will happen in Stanthorpe to mark the 25th anniversary of the Twinning Association?
A) A tree will be planted.
B) A garden seat will be bought.
C) A footbridge will be built."**

🔹 Correct Answer: A) A tree will be planted
📍 Location in Audio Script: "We’ve been discussing what to do here and we’ve decided to plant a poplar tree in the museum gardens."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script directly states, "we've decided to plant a poplar tree."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script mentions a garden seat being considered but rejected by authorities.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
When multiple options are considered, pay attention to the final decision.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 13:
"Which event raised most funds this year?
A) the film show
B) the pancake evening
C) the cookery demonstration."**

🔹 Correct Answer: B) the pancake evening
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Our pancake evening was well attended and made record profits."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script uses the words "record profits," indicating that the pancake evening was the most successful at raising funds.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The script mentions that the cookery demonstration was "nearly as successful," and the numbers for the film show were limited, which could mislead someone.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for direct comparisons.

📝 Question 14:
"For the first evening with the French visitors, host families are advised to:
A) take them for a walk round the town.
B) go to a local restaurant.
C) have a meal at home."**

🔹 Correct Answer: C) have a meal at home
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Don’t try to do too much that first evening as they’ll be tired, so have dinner in the house or garden rather than eating out."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The text directly states "have dinner in the house or garden rather than eating out."

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The text mentions taking them around town and eating out, but these are incorrect options in this case.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Pay close attention to the specific advice given.

📝 Question 15:
"On Saturday evening, there will be the chance to:
A) listen to a concert.
B) watch a match.
C) take part in a competition."**

🔹 Correct Answer: A) listen to a concert
📍 Location in Audio Script: "On Saturday evening, we’ll all meet up at the football club, where once again we’ll have Toby Sharp and his band performing English and Scottish country songs."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script mentions "Toby Sharp and his band performing," which implies a concert.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The text mentions the football club but does not say they will be watching a match.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Understand the implied meaning of words in the script.

Questions 16-20 (Map Locations)

📝 Question 16:
"Farm shop"

🔹 Correct Answer: G
📍 Location in Audio Script: "There’s an excellent farm shop in the grounds where our visitors can buy local produce – it’s in the old stables, which is the first building you come to."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script states the farm shop is in the old stables, the first building you come to, which corresponds with location G on the map.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
There are several buildings mentioned, but the farm shop is explicitly mentioned in the stables.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Be able to identify the location of buildings using cues like "first building you come to."

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 17:
"Disabled entry"

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Audio Script: "This is on the far side of the house from the car park."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The text states that the disabled entry is on the far side of the house from the car park, which is location C on the map.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The main entrance has a lot of steps, which may be a distraction.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Use the phrase "far side" to understand the direction, keeping in mind where the car park is.

📝 Question 18:
"Adventure playground"

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Audio Script: "That’s at the northern end of the larger lake, in a bend on the path that leads to the lake."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script places the adventure playground at the northern end of the larger lake, which is location B on the map.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The word "bend" may confuse people.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Pay close attention to descriptions of location.

📝 Question 19:
"Kitchen gardens"

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Audio Script: "They’re to the north-east of the house, quite near the smaller lake."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The kitchen gardens are described as being to the north-east of the house near the smaller lake, which is location D.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The description of the gardens as rectangular and surrounded by a wall may distract someone.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note compass directions in the script.

📝 Question 20:
"The Temple of the Four Winds"

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Take the path from the car park and go past the western sides of the stables and the house. Then when the path forks, take the right-hand path. Go up there with the woods on your left and the temple is right at the end."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The script describes the route to the Temple, and the location is at the end of the path, which is location A.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The route to get there is long and has many directions, which could be confusing.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Focus on the final location.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

It’s great to see so many members of the Twinning Association here tonight. Since the twinning link between our two towns, Stanthorpe here in England and Malatte in France, was established, the relationship between the towns has gone from strength to strength.

Last month, 25 members of the association from Stanthorpe spent a weekend in Malatte. Our hosts had arranged a great programme. We learned how cheese is produced in the region and had the chance to taste the products. The theme park trip had to be cancelled, but we all had a great time on the final boat trip down the river – that was the real highlight. 📍Q11

This is a special year for the Association because it’s 25 years since we were founded. In Malatte, they’re planning to mark this by building a footbridge in the municipal park. We’ve been discussing what to do here, and we’ve decided to plant a poplar tree in the museum gardens. 📍Q12 We considered buying a garden seat to put there, but the authorities weren’t happy with that idea.

In terms of fundraising to support our activities, we’ve done very well. Our pancake evening was well attended and made record profits. 📍Q13 And everyone enjoyed the demonstration of French cookery, which was nearly as successful. Numbers for our film show were limited because of the venue, so we’re looking for somewhere bigger next year.

We’re looking forward to welcoming our French visitors here next week, and I know that many of you here will be hosting individuals or families. The coach from France will arrive at 5 pm on Friday. Don’t try to do too much that first evening, as they’ll be tired, so have dinner in the house or garden rather than eating out. 📍Q14 The weather looks as if it’ll be OK, so you might like to plan a barbecue. Then the next morning is market day in town, and that’s always a good place to stroll around.

CLICK HERE TO GO UP

On Saturday evening, we’ll all meet up at the football club, where once again, we’ll have Toby Sharp and his band performing English and Scottish country songs. 📍Q15 Toby will already be well known to many of you, as last year he organized our special quiz night and presented the prizes.

Now, on Sunday, we’ll be taking our visitors to Farley House. You may not all be familiar with it, so here’s a map to help you. You can see the car park at the bottom of the map. There’s an excellent farm shop in the grounds where our visitors can buy local produce – it’s in the old stables, which is the first building you come to. 📍Q16 They’re built around a courtyard, and the shop’s in the far corner on the left. There’s also a small café on the right as you go in.

I know that one or two of our visitors may not be all that mobile. The main entrance to the house has a lot of steps, so you might want to use the disabled entry. This is on the far side of the house from the car park. 📍Q17

CLICK HERE TO GO UP

Children will probably be most interested in the adventure playground. That’s at the northern end of the larger lake, in a bend on the path that leads to the lake. 📍Q18 There’s lots for children to do there.

There are a number of lovely gardens near the house. The kitchen gardens are rectangular and surrounded by a wall. They’re to the north-east of the house, quite near the smaller lake. 📍Q19 They’re still in use and have a great collection of fruit and vegetables.

The Temple of the Four Winds is a bit more of a walk – but it’s worth it. Take the path from the car park and go past the western sides of the stables and the house. Then, when the path forks, take the right-hand path. Go up there with the woods on your left, and the temple is right at the end. 📍Q20 There are great views over the whole area.

PART 3 Questions 21-30

📝 Questions 21 and 22:
"Which TWO things did Colin find most satisfying about his bread reuse project?"
A) receiving support from local restaurants
B) finding a good way to prevent waste
C) overcoming problems in a basic process
D) experimenting with designs and colours
E) learning how to apply 3-D printing

🔹 Correct Answers: B) finding a good way to prevent waste, D) experimenting with designs and colours
📍 Location in Audio Script:

• B: "It was. And I’m hoping that some of the restaurants in town will be interested in the biscuits."
• D: "But in this project, I had time to play around with different patterns for the biscuits and finding how I could add fruit and vegetables to make them a more appetising colour, and I was really pleased with what I managed to produce."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:

• Option B is correct because Colin responds "It was" when Marie says, "It must’ve been a great feeling to make something appetising out of bits of old bread that would’ve been thrown away otherwise." This implies that he found preventing waste to be satisfying.
• Option D is correct because Colin states that he "had time to play around with different patterns for the biscuits" and added fruit and vegetables for colour.

⚠️ Potential Traps:

• Option A might seem correct because Colin mentions sending samples to restaurants, but he doesn't say he has received support yet.
• Option C is incorrect because he says the basic process was straightforward.
• Option E is incorrect because he had used 3-D printing before.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Pay close attention to the specific language used to express satisfaction and also look for words that contradict the options.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Questions 23 and 24:
"Which TWO ways do the students agree that touch-sensitive sensors for food labels could be developed in future?"
A) for use on medical products
B) to show that food is no longer fit to eat
C) for use with drinks as well as foods
D) to provide applications for blind people
E) to indicate the weight of certain foods

🔹 Correct Answers: A) for use on medical products, E) to indicate the weight of certain foods
📍 Location in Audio Script:

• A: "But actually, I thought it might be really good for drug storage in hospitals and pharmacies."
• E: "Like how many kilograms a joint of meat is, for example."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:

• Option A is correct because Marie says it could be used for drug storage.
• Option E is correct because Colin says it could be used to show "how many kilograms a joint of meat is."

⚠️ Potential Traps:

• Option B is incorrect because the sensor already does this by showing bumps on the label.
• Option C is incorrect because this is already a capability of the technology.
• Option D is incorrect as although it was originally developed for this purpose, it's not a future development.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Be careful to differentiate between the present use of a technology and its potential future development.

Questions 25 – 30 (Matching Topics to Opinions)

📝 Question 25:
"Use of local products"

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Yes, they need to be more proactive to address that."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Colin says "they need to be more proactive," meaning retailers should do more.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The other answers don't fit this context.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for direct statements expressing opinions.

📝 Question 26:
"Reduction in unnecessary packaging"

🔹 Correct Answer: G
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The government needs to do something about it."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Colin says "the government needs to do something," implying there should be stricter regulations.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The other answers don't fit this context.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for statements expressing a need for regulations.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 27:
"Gluten-free and lactose-free food"

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Lots of people I know have been buying that type of food for years now."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Marie says "Lots of people I know have been buying that type of food for years now," meaning it seems to be widespread.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The other answers don't fit this context.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for clues that something is already happening.

📝 Question 28:
"Use of branded products related to celebrity chefs"

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Audio Script:

• "I bought something like that once, but I won’t again."
• "Yeah – I bought a ready-made spice mix for chicken which was supposed to be used by a chef I’d seen on television, and it didn’t actually taste of anything."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Both Colin and Marie describe a negative experience, meaning it may have disappointing results.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The other answers don't fit this context.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note when the speakers have a negative opinion or experience with something.

📝 Question 29:
"Development of ‘ghost kitchens’ for takeaway food"

🔹 Correct Answer: F
📍 Location in Audio Script: "But people aren’t aware of that – it’s all kept very quiet."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Marie says that the public is not aware of ghost kitchens, meaning most people know little about this.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The other answers don't fit this context.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for language that indicates a lack of public knowledge.

📝 Question 30:
"Use of mushrooms for common health concerns"

🔹 Correct Answer: H
📍 Location in Audio Script: "They might be taking a big risk there."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Marie says that people might be "taking a big risk," meaning it could be dangerous.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The other answers don't fit this context.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note when something is described as risky or dangerous.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

COLIN: I haven’t seen you for a bit, Marie.

MARIE: No. I’ve been busy with my project.

COLIN: You’re making a vegan alternative to eggs, aren’t you? Something that doesn’t use animal products?

MARIE: Yes. I’m using chickpeas. I had two main aims when I first started looking for an alternative to eggs, but actually, I’ve found chickpeas have got more advantages.

COLIN: Right.

MARIE: But how about your project on reusing waste food – you were looking at bread, weren’t you?

COLIN: Yes. It’s been hard work, but I’ve enjoyed it. The basic process was quite straightforward – breaking the stale bread down to a paste then reforming it.

MARIE: But you were using 3D printing, weren’t you, to make the paste into biscuits?

COLIN: Yeah, I’d used that before, but in this project, I had time to play around with different patterns for the biscuits and find how I could add fruit and vegetables to make them a more appetising colour, and I was really pleased with what I managed to produce. 📍Q21/22

MARIE: It must’ve been a great feeling to make something appetising out of bits of old bread that would’ve been thrown away otherwise. 📍Q21/22

COLIN: It was. And I’m hoping that some of the restaurants in town will be interested in the biscuits. I’m going to send them some samples.

CLICK HERE TO GO UP

MARIE: I came across something on the internet yesterday that might interest you. It was a company that’s developed touch-sensitive sensors for food labels.

COLIN: Mmm?

MARIE: It’s a special sort of label on the food package. When the label’s smooth, the food is fresh, and then when you can feel bumps on the label, that means the food’s gone bad. It started off as a project to help visually impaired people know whether food was fit to eat or not.

COLIN: Interesting. So just solid food?

MARIE: No, things like milk and juice as well. But actually, I thought it might be really good for drug storage in hospitals and pharmacies. 📍Q23/24

COLIN: Right. And coming back to food, maybe it’d be possible to use it for other things besides freshness. Like how many kilograms a joint of meat is, for example. 📍Q23/24

MARIE: Yes, there are all sorts of possibilities.

COLIN: I was reading an article about food trends, predicting how eating habits might change in the next few years.

MARIE: Oh – things like 📍Q25 more focus on local products? That seems so obvious, but the shops are still full of imported foods.

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COLIN: Yes, they need to be more proactive to address that.

MARIE: And somehow motivate consumers to change, yes.

COLIN: One thing everyone’s aware of is 📍Q26 the need for a reduction in unnecessary packaging – but just about everything you buy in supermarkets is still covered in plastic. The government needs to do something about it.

MARIE: Absolutely. It’s got to change.

COLIN: Do you think there’ll be more interest in gluten- and lactose-free food?

MARIE: For people with allergies or food intolerances? I don’t know. 📍Q27 Lots of people I know have been buying that type of food for years now.

COLIN: Yes, even if they haven’t been diagnosed with an allergy.

MARIE: That’s right. One thing I’ve noticed is the number of branded products related to celebrity chefs – people watch them cooking on TV and then buy things like spice mixes or frozen foods with the chef’s name on them. 📍Q28 I bought something like that once, but I won’t again.

COLIN: Yeah – I bought a ready-made spice mix for chicken, which was supposed to be used by a chef I’d seen on television, and it didn’t actually taste of anything.

MARIE: Mm. Did the article mention ‘ghost kitchens’ used to produce takeaway food?

COLIN: No. What are they?

MARIE: Well, they might have the name of a restaurant, but actually, they’re a cooking facility just for delivery meals – the public don’t ever go there. 📍Q29 But people aren’t aware of that – it’s all kept very quiet.

COLIN: So people don’t realise the food’s not actually from the restaurant?

MARIE: Right.

COLIN: Did you know more and more people are using all sorts of different mushrooms now, to treat different health concerns? Things like heart problems?

MARIE: Hmm. 📍Q30 They might be taking a big risk there.

COLIN: Yes, it’s hard to know which varieties are safe to eat. Anyway, maybe now…

PART 4 Questions 31-40

📝 Question 31:
"In the 1930s, a local teacher realised that stones beneath the bog surface were once 31 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: walls
📍 Location in Audio Script: "He noticed that when local people were digging in the bog, they were constantly hitting against what seemed to be rows of stones. He realised that these must be walls."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The teacher observed that stones were arranged in rows, leading him to realise they were walls.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The word "stones" appears in the sentence, but that is not the answer because the stones were part of walls.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Be careful to identify the correct word in the text that fits the context of the sentence.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

📝 Question 32:
"His 32 .... became an archaeologist and undertook an investigation of the site."

🔹 Correct Answer: son
📍 Location in Audio Script: "It wasn’t until 40 years later, when Patrick Caulfield’s son Seamus, who had become an archaeologist..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The teacher’s son, Seamus, later became an archaeologist and continued the investigation.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The answer is not "teacher," as the teacher only made the discovery, but it was his son who investigated it.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Be careful to focus on the correct person in the sentence.

📝 Question 33:
"A traditional method used by local people to dig for 33 .... was used to identify where stones were located."

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🔹 Correct Answer: fuel
📍 Location in Audio Script: "A traditional method which local people had always used for finding fuel buried in the bog."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The method of using iron probes was traditionally used to find fuel, not just to locate stones.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The answer is not "stones," as the text states that people were looking for fuel, not stones themselves.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Make sure the answer relates to what the local people were digging for.

📝 Question 34:
"Items are well preserved in the bog because of a lack of 34 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: oxygen
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Objects remain well preserved due to the acidity of the peat and the deficiency of oxygen."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The lack of oxygen helps preserve objects in the bog.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
Although the text mentions water and acidity, the correct answer is oxygen.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note that the text explicitly says "lack of oxygen."

📝 Question 35:
"Houses were 35 .... in shape and had a hole in the roof."

🔹 Correct Answer: rectangular
📍 Location in Audio Script: "These weren’t round as people often assume, but rectangular with a small hole in the roof that allowed smoke to escape."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The text clarifies that the houses were rectangular, not round.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The answer is not "round," as the text specifically states they were not round.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for words that directly describe the shape of the houses.

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📝 Question 36:
"Pots used for storage and to make 36 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: lamps
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The pots were used for many things; as well as for storing food, pots were filled with a small amount of fat and when this was set alight, they served as lamps."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The pots were not only used for storage but also for making lamps.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The answer is not "food," which was another use of pots, but not what they made with them.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note the text states that they were used to make lamps, not just as containers.

📝 Question 37:
"Each field at Céide was large enough to support a big 37 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: family
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Evidence from the Céide Fields suggests that each plot of land was of a suitable size to sustain an extended family."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The fields were large enough to support a family.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
The answer is not "animals," which are also mentioned in the same paragraph.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Focus on what the text explicitly says each field could support.

📝 Question 38:
"The fields were probably used to restrict the grazing of animals – no evidence of structures to house them during 38 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: winter
📍 Location in Audio Script: "This must have been a year-round activity as no structures have been found which would have been used to shelter animals in the winter."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
Since no structures were found for shelter, it suggests that animals were not housed during winter.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
Although there is mention of grazing and structures, the answer is related to when there were no structures for shelter.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Be sure to note time-specific information.

📝 Question 39:
"A decline in 39 .... quality."

🔹 Correct Answer: soil
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The soil would have become less productive."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The decline was in the quality of soil, affecting farming.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
Although the text also mentions crop rotation, the correct answer is directly stated as soil.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Look for the specific word that directly fits the sentence.

📝 Question 40:
"An increase in 40 ...."

🔹 Correct Answer: rain
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The farmers at Céide would have enjoyed a relatively dry period, but this began to change and the conditions became wetter as there was a lot more rain."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer:
The increase in rain caused conditions to become wetter and contributed to changes in the land.

⚠️ Potential Traps:
Although the text also discusses the bog, the correct answer relates to what increased and caused the bog to form.

⭐ Key Learning Point:
Note that the text is referring to an increase in rain.

CLICK HERE TO GO TO AUDIO SCRIPT

For my presentation today, I’m going to talk about the Céide Fields in the northwest of Ireland, one of the largest Neolithic sites in the world. I recently visited this site and observed the work that is currently being done by a team of archaeologists there.

The site was first discovered in the 1930s by a local teacher, Patrick Caulfield. He noticed that when local people were digging in the bog, they were constantly hitting against what seemed to be rows of stones. He realised that these must be 📍Q31 walls and that they must be thousands of years old for them to predate the bog, which subsequently grew over them.

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He wrote to the National Museum in Dublin to ask them to investigate, but no one took him seriously. It wasn’t until 40 years later, when Patrick Caulfield’s son Seamus, who had become an 📍Q32 archaeologist by then, began to explore further. He inserted iron probes into the bog to map the formation of the stones, a traditional method which local people had always used for finding 📍Q33 fuel buried in the bog for thousands of years. Carbon dating later proved that the site was over 5,000 years old and was the largest Neolithic site in Ireland.

Thanks to the bog which covers the area, the remains of the settlement at Céide Fields, which is over 5,000 years old, are extremely well-preserved. A bog is 90 percent water; its soil is so saturated that when the grasses and heathers that grow on its surface die, they don’t fully decay but accumulate in layers. Objects remain so well preserved in these conditions because of the acidity of the peat and the deficiency of oxygen. 📍Q34 At least 175 days of rain a year are required for this to happen; this part of Ireland gets an average of 225 days.

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The Neolithic farmers at Céide would have enjoyed several centuries of relative peace and stability. Neolithic farmers generally lived in larger communities than their predecessors, with a number of houses built around a community building. As they lived in permanent settlements, Neolithic farmers were able to build bigger houses. These weren’t round as people often assume, but 📍Q35 rectangular, with a small hole in the roof that allowed smoke to escape. This is one of many innovations and indicates that the Neolithic farmers were the first people to cook indoors.

Another new technology that Neolithic settlers brought to Ireland was pottery. Fragments of Neolithic pots have been found in Céide and elsewhere in Ireland. The pots were used for many things; as well as for storing food, pots were filled with a small amount of fat, and when this was set alight, they served as 📍Q36 lamps.

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It’s thought that the Céide Fields were mainly used as paddocks for animals to graze in. Evidence from the Céide Fields suggests that each plot of land was of a suitable size to sustain an extended family. 📍Q37 They may have used a system of rotational grazing in order to prevent over-grazing and to allow for plant recovery and regrowth. This must have been a year-round activity as no structures have been found which would have been used to shelter animals in the winter. 📍Q38

However, archaeologists believe that this way of life at Céide ceased abruptly. Why was this? Well, several factors may have contributed to the changing circumstances. The soil would have become less productive 📍Q39 and led to the abandonment of farming. The crop rotation system was partly responsible for this, as it would have been very intensive and was not sustainable.

But there were also climatic pressures too. The farmers at Céide would have enjoyed a relatively dry period, but this began to change, and the conditions became wetter as there was a lot more rain. 📍Q40 It was these conditions that encouraged the bog to form over the area which survives today.