تحلیل لیسنینگ آیلتس آکادمیک و جنرال کمبریج 14 - تست 4: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

مقدمه

مقدمه: بخش لیسنینگ، اولین و یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها در آزمون آیلتس است که نیازمند تمرکز بالا و درک شنیداری دقیق می‌باشد. در این مقاله، به تحلیل جامع تست ۴ لیسنینگ از کتاب آیلتس کمبریج ۱۴ (Cambridge IELTS 14) می‌پردازیم. هدف ما شکستن ساختار سوالات، شناسایی تله‌های رایج و ارائه استراتژی‌های کاربردی برای کمک به شما در مدیریت زمان و افزایش دقت پاسخ‌دهی است. این تست شامل چهار بخش با موضوعات و فرمت‌های متنوع سوال است. داوطلبان باید با انواع سوالات مانند Multiple Choice، Form Completion، Matching و Map Labelling آشنا باشند. با ما همراه باشید تا با بررسی جزء به جزء این تست، با اطمینان بیشتری به سراغ آزمون اصلی بروید.

برای دیدن بقیه‌ی تحلیل‌ها به لینک زیر بروید:

Table of Contents

• PART 1: Questions 1-10 Analysis & Audio Script
• PART 2: Questions 11-20 Analysis & Audio Script
• PART 3: Questions 21-30 Analysis & Audio Script
• PART 4: Questions 31-40 Analysis & Audio Script

PART 1 Questions 1-10 + Audio Script

📝 Question 1:

"Adelphi Room: number of people who can sit down to eat: 1 ....."

🔹 Correct Answer: 85

📍 Location in Audio Script: "One is the Adelphi Room. That can seat (Q1) eighty-five, or hold over a hundred if people are standing for a buffet."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is directly stated in the audio, using the exact words as the question. There is no paraphrasing or change in the order of the information.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions that the room can hold "over a hundred if people are standing for a buffet," which could be misleading if test takers don't focus on "sit down to eat" in the question.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay close attention to the specific conditions mentioned in the question (e.g., "sit down," "eat") to avoid being distracted by related information.

📝 Question 2:

"has a gallery suitable for musicians, can go out and see the 2 ...... in pots on the terrace"

🔹 Correct Answer: roses

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...there are French windows leading out onto the terrace. This has a beautiful display of pots of (Q2) roses at that time of the year."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is directly stated with the audio stating "pots of roses". The question gives the context of the terrace and the flowers in pots, and the correct answer directly completes the sentence.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There is no major trap, but test takers might be looking for a more general term like "plants" or "flowers" which is not correct.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the specific noun that completes the sentence, rather than a general word that might fit.

📝 Question 3:

"terrace has a view of a group of 3 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: trees

📍 Location in Audio Script: "From the terrace you can see the area of (Q3) trees within the grounds of the hotel..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly provides the answer. The question mentions a "view" and a "group," and "trees" fits perfectly as the noun.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions going "through there to the river," but this is not visible from the terrace, so that could be a distractor.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be careful of information that comes after the answer in the audio, it is often related but not correct for that specific question.

📝 Question 4:

"Carlton Room: has a 4 ......."

🔹 Correct Answer: stage

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...it has the advantage of a (Q4) stage, which is useful if you have any entertainment..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly uses the word "stage" when talking about the Carlton Room. The word "advantage" also clues the correct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions a "lake" view, but this is related to the windows and not the specific feature asked for in the question, which is about the facilities available within the Carlton Room.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the specific characteristic that is being asked about, in this case it is what the room "has".

📝 Question 5:

"Master of Ceremonies: can give a 5 ....... while people are eating"

🔹 Correct Answer: speech

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I suppose they make a (Q5) speech during the meal if we need one, do they?"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is stated directly in the audio, with Samantha using the word in the form of a question, that Andrew then confirms.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio includes the phrase "get people's attention" which could distract if test takers think the MC is primarily an entertainer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be aware that the answer might come in the form of a question or a statement.

📝 Question 6:

"will provide 6 ...... if there are any problems"

🔹 Correct Answer: support

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And they’re also your (Q6) support – if anything goes wrong, the MC will deal with it, so you can relax."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is directly stated. The context of "problems" and "deal with it" makes support a correct and logical word to complete the sentence.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There is no major potential trap for this question, with the answer being directly spoken in the audio.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the direct answer and note that the word support is the only one that completes the context of the question.

📝 Question 7:

"Accommodation: in the hotel rooms or 7 ........"

🔹 Correct Answer: cabins

📍 Location in Audio Script: "You obviously have rooms in the hotel, but do you also have any other accommodation, like (Q7) cabins, for example?"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer "cabins" is given directly in the conversation as an example of other accommodation. The audio mentions "hotel rooms or...", using "or" to indicate the answer for the question.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions "self-contained" accommodation, "living room, bathroom, and small kitchen", but none of these terms are the name of the specific type of other accommodation and should not be mistaken for the answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The question is specifically asking for a type of accommodation other than the hotel rooms, so you must choose the other type mentioned.

📝 Question 8:

"outdoor swimming pool"

🔹 Correct Answer: C (not available)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Normally you’d be able to use it, but (Q8) it’ll be closed throughout September for refurbishment, I’m afraid."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states the pool is "closed," meaning it is "not available." There is a shift in opinion using the word "but" to indicate the pool's closure.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The phrase "normally you'd be able to use it" might mislead some test takers, as that statement is immediately followed by "but," which changes the meaning.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay close attention to words like "but" or "however," which can indicate changes in the speaker’s position, and which can be crucial for finding the answer.

📝 Question 9:

"gym"

🔹 Correct Answer: A (included in the cost of hiring room)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "(Q9) The gym will be available, though, at no extra charge."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "At no extra charge" directly means it is included in the cost of hiring the room. There is no change of opinion or paraphrasing.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There is no major trap for this question, with the answer being directly spoken in the audio.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the key words or phrases that are directly associated with the question and the answer choices.

📝 Question 10:

"tennis courts"

🔹 Correct Answer: B (available at extra charge)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And the tennis courts, but (Q10) there is a small additional payment for those."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Additional payment" is a synonym for "extra charge." The use of "but" signals the change in facilities from the gym, which had no extra charge.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Test takers who focus only on "available" might get confused, but the "additional payment" indicates that there is an extra charge.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on phrases and words that indicate that a specific extra payment is needed.

Audio Script: Part 1

ANDREW: Good morning, Clare House Hotel. Andrew speaking. I’m the (Example) Events Manager.

SAM: Good morning, Andrew. My name’s Samantha. I’m arranging a party for my parents’ fiftieth wedding anniversary, and I’m ringing to ask about hiring a room some time next September. Also my parents and several of the guests will need accommodation.

ANDREW: OK, I’m sure we can help you with that. Will you be having a sit-down meal or a buffet?

SAM: Probably a sit-down.

ANDREW: And do you know how many people there’ll be?

SAM: Around eighty, I think.

ANDREW: Well we have two rooms that can hold that number. One is the Adelphi Room. That can seat 📍Q1 eighty-five, or hold over a hundred if people are standing for a buffet.

SAM: Right.

ANDREW: If you have live music, there’s room for four or five musicians in the gallery overlooking the room. Our guests usually appreciate the fact that the music can be loud enough for dancing, but not too loud for conversation.

SAM: Yes, I really don’t like it when you can’t talk.

ANDREW: Exactly. Now the Adelphi Room is at the back of the hotel, and there are French windows leading out onto the terrace. This has a beautiful display of pots of 📍Q2 roses at that time of the year.

SAM: Which direction does it face?

ANDREW: Southwest, so that side of the hotel gets the sun in the afternoon and early evening.

SAM: Very nice.

ANDREW: From the terrace you can see the area of 📍Q3 trees within the grounds of the hotel, or you can stroll through there to the river – that’s on the far side, so it isn’t visible from the hotel.

SAM: OK.

ANDREW: Then another option is the Carlton Room. This is a bit bigger – it can hold up to a hundred and ten people – and it has the advantage of a 📍Q4 stage, which is useful if you have any entertainment, or indeed a small band can fit onto it.

SAM: And can you go outside from the room?

ANDREW: No, the Carlton Room is on the first floor, but on one side the windows look out onto the lake.

SAM: Lovely. I think either of those rooms would be suitable.

ANDREW: Can I tell you about some of the options we offer in addition?

SAM: Please do.

ANDREW: As well as a meal, you can have an MC, a Master of Ceremonies, who’ll be with you throughout the party.

SAM: What exactly is the MC’s function? I suppose they make a 📍Q5 speech during the meal if we need one, do they?

ANDREW: That’s right. All our MCs are trained as public speakers, so they can easily get people’s attention – many guests are glad to have someone who can make themselves heard above the chatter! And they’re also your 📍Q6 support – if anything goes wrong, the MC will deal with it, so you can relax.

SAM: Great! I’ll need to ask you about food, but something else that’s important is accommodation. You obviously have rooms in the hotel, but do you also have any other accommodation, like 📍Q7 cabins, for example?

ANDREW: Yes, there are five in the grounds, all self-contained. They each sleep two to four people and have their own living room, bathroom and small kitchen.

SAM: That sounds perfect for what we’ll need.

——————————

SAM: Now you have various facilities, don’t you? Are they all included in the price of hiring the room? The pool, for instance.

ANDREW: Normally you’d be able to use it, but 📍Q8 it’ll be closed throughout September for refurbishment, I’m afraid. 📍Q9 The gym will be available, though, at no extra charge. That’s open all day, from six in the morning until midnight.

SAM: Right.

ANDREW: And the tennis courts, but 📍Q10 there is a small additional payment for those. We have four courts, and it’s worth booking in advance if you possibly can, as there can be quite a long waiting list for them!

SAM: Right. Now could we discuss the food? This would be dinner, around seven o’clock …

PART 2 Questions 11-20 + Audio Script

📝 Question 11:

"dolphin watching"

🔹 Correct Answer: G (fully booked today)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Unfortunately (Q11) there aren’t any places left for this afternoon’s trip, but come and see me to book for later in the week."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "No places left" means the trip is "fully booked." The audio uses a synonym "places" for bookings.

⚠️ Potential Traps: While the trip is "available" later in the week, today's trip is not, which is the condition given in the question, and the correct answer choice.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to temporal clues like "today," "later in the week," to correctly answer questions based on specific times.

📝 Question 12:

"forest walk"

🔹 Correct Answer: D (food included)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "There’ll be a stop half way, and (Q12) you’ll be provided with a drink and sandwiches."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Provided with a drink and sandwiches" is an example of "food included". There is no change in meaning from audio to the correct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions a "steep climb" and needing "good shoes," but those are just requirements and not the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on specific details in the question and do not get distracted by extra details.

📝 Question 13:

"cycle trip"

🔹 Correct Answer: A (all downhill)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "We’ll take you and your bike up to the top of Mount Larna, and leave you to bike back – (Q13) it’s a 700-metre drop in just 20 kilometers..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "700-meter drop" indicates the cycling is "all downhill". There is no other option provided which is all downhill.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio states that the trip "isn't for inexperienced cyclists" which could be a trap for test takers, but is not the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Understand the meaning of terms like "drop" which indicates the answer, in this case "downhill".

📝 Question 14:

"local craft tour"

🔹 Correct Answer: E (no charge)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And the best thing about this trip is that (Q14) it’s completely free."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Completely free" is directly equivalent to "no charge."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions the option of buying products on the tour, but that is not the correct answer for the questions, which is the price of the tour itself.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen carefully for terms related to price and cost in the questions.

📝 Question 15:

"observatory trip"

🔹 Correct Answer: F (swimming possible)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Afterwards we’ll head down to Sunset Beach, where (Q15) you can have a dip in the ocean if you want before we head off back to the hotel."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Dip in the ocean" is a synonym of "swimming possible".

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions the "night sky" and "telescopes" which may be misleading if the test taker does not look for the direct answer of swimming at the end of the day.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The correct answer will always be the one that directly links to the content in the audio and not a related concept.

📝 Question 16:

"horse riding"

🔹 Correct Answer: B (suitable for beginners)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and it’s a great experience if you’re a keen horseback rider, (Q16) or even if you’ve never been on a horse before."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Never been on a horse before" indicates that it is suitable for beginners. This directly answers the question.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions going to the beach, which could be a distractor, but is not the answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen carefully for how the activity is available to different levels of expertise, that is the answer to the question.

📝 Question 17 & 18:

"Which TWO things does the speaker say about the attraction called Musical Favourites?"

🔹 Correct Answers: B (You must book it in advance), D (You can meet the performers)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "It’s hugely popular, so let me know now if you’re interested because (Q18) it’s no good leaving it until the last minute." (for B) and "At the end the (Q17) cast members come down from the stage, still in their stunning costumes, and you’ll have a chance to chat with them" (for D).

🔹 Analysis of the Answers: For B, "no good leaving it until the last minute" means booking in advance is necessary. For D, "chance to chat with them" means you can meet them.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions free drinks, which might mislead if test takers do not look for the two correct answers from the options.

⭐ Key Learning Point: When you must select two answers, read all options carefully, and listen for both correct answers in the audio.

📝 Question 19 & 20:

"Which TWO things does the speaker say about the Castle Feast?"

🔹 Correct Answers: A (Visitors can dance after the meal), D (Knives and forks are not used)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Then you can watch the dancers in the ballroom and (Q20) join in as well if you want." (for A) and "You’re given a whole chicken each, which you eat in the medieval way, (Q19) using your hands instead of cutlery..." (for D).

🔹 Analysis of the Answers: The phrase "join in as well" is equivalent to visitors can dance after the meal for A. Using your hands instead of cutlery means that knives and forks are not used for D.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions "horseback riders attempting to knock one another off their horses", which might be a distraction, but it's not the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to details within descriptions, and listen for two answers that are both correct.

Audio Script: Part 2

Hello everyone. I’m Jake Stevens and I’m your rep here at the hotel. I’m sure you’ll all have a great time here. So let me tell you a bit about what’s on offer. I’ll start by telling you about some of the excursions that are available for guests.

One thing you have to do while you’re here is go dolphin watching. On our boat trips, we pretty well guarantee you’ll see dolphins – if you don’t you can repeat the trip free of charge. We organise daily trips for just 35 euros. Unfortunately 📍Q11 there aren’t any places left for this afternoon’s trip, but come and see me to book for later in the week.

If you’re energetic, I’d recommend our forest walk. It’s a guided walk of about seven kilometres. There’ll be a stop half way, and 📍Q12 you’ll be provided with a drink and sandwiches. There’s some fairly steep climbs up the hills, so you need to be reasonably fit for this one, with good shoes, and bring a waterproof in case it rains. It’s just 25 euros all inclusive, and it’s every Wednesday.

Then on Thursdays we organise a cycle trip, which will give you all the fun of biking without the effort. We’ll take you and your bike up to the top of Mount Larna, and leave you to bike back – 📍Q13 it’s a 700-metre drop in just 20 kilometres so this isn’t really for inexperienced cyclists as you’ll be going pretty fast. And if it’s a clear day, you’ll have fantastic views.

On our local craft tour you can find out about the traditional activities in the island. And the best thing about this trip is that 📍Q14 it’s completely free. You’ll be taken to a factory where jewellery is made, and also a ceramics centre. If you want, you can buy some of the products but that’s entirely up to you. The trip starts after lunch on Thursday, and you’ll return by 6 pm.

If you’re interested in astronomy you may already know that the island’s one of the best places in the world to observe the night sky. We can offer trips to the observatory on Friday for those who are interested. They cost 90 euros per person and you’ll be shown the huge telescopes and have a talk from an expert, who’ll explain all about how they work. 📍Q15 Afterwards we’ll head down to Sunset Beach, where you can have a dip in the ocean if you want before we head off back to the hotel.

Finally, there’s horse riding. This is organised by the Equestrian Centre over near Playa Cortino and it’s a great experience if you’re a keen horseback rider, 📍Q16 or even if you’ve never been on a horse before. They take you down to the beach, and you can canter along the sand and through the waves. It costs 35 euros and it’s available every day.

———————————-

So there’s plenty to do in the daytime, but what about night life?

Well, the number one attraction’s called ‘Musical Favourites’. Guests enjoy a three-course meal and unlimited free drinks, and watch a fantastic show, starting with musicals set in Paris and then crossing the Atlantic to Las Vegas and finally Copacabana. At the end the 📍Q17 cast members come down from the stage, still in their stunning costumes, and you’ll have a chance to chat with them. It’s hugely popular, so let me know now if you’re interested because 📍Q18 it’s no good leaving it until the last minute. It’s on Friday night. Tickets are just 50 euros each, but for an extra 10 euros you can have a table right by the stage.

If you’d like to go back in time, there’s the Castle Feast on Saturday evening. It’s held in a twelfth-century castle, and you eat in the great courtyard, with ladies in long gowns serving your food. You’re given a whole chicken each, which you eat in the medieval way, 📍Q19 using your hands instead of cutlery, and you’re entertained by competitions where the horseback riders attempt to knock one another off their horses. Then you can watch the dancers in the ballroom and 📍Q20 join in as well if you want. OK, so now if anyone …

PART 3 Questions 21-30 + Audio Script

📝 Question 21:

"What does Trevor find interesting about the purpose of children’s literature?"

🔹 Correct Answer: A (the fact that authors may not realize what values they’re teaching)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "What’s fascinating is that (Q21) the writer isn’t necessarily conscious of the message they’re conveying."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Not conscious of the message" means authors may not realize what values they are teaching. There is a change of language but no change in meaning.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Trevor mentions both entertainment and education, but these are not what he found most interesting.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the focus and the most interesting aspects rather than all the information that the speaker gives.

📝 Question 22:

"Trevor says the module about the purpose of children’s literature made him"

🔹 Correct Answer: C (decide to start writing some children’s stories)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Actually, (Q22) it inspired me to have a go at it myself, just for my own interest."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Inspired me to have a go at it myself" means he decided to start writing. This is a direct synonym.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions analyzing his niece's stories but not as the main effect of the module.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the main consequence of what the speaker is describing, and the answer will often be a synonym or a paraphrased concept.

📝 Question 23:

"Stephanie is interested in the Pictures module because"

🔹 Correct Answer: A (she intends to become an illustrator)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I’ve always enjoyed drawing, so (Q23) that’s the field I want to go into when I finish the course."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "The field I want to go into" means her intention and "drawing" indicates the role of illustrator. The audio implies that drawing is related to the picture module.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions that she has memories of pictures from her childhood but this is not the main reason for her interest in the pictures module.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The correct answer will always be the main reason that a person gives rather than a related side-note.

📝 Question 24:

"Trevor and Stephanie agree that comics"

🔹 Correct Answer: B (have the potential for being useful)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "There are plenty of kids who wouldn’t even try to read a book, so I think (Q24) comics can serve a really useful purpose."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Stephanie states that "comics can serve a really useful purpose" which Trevor agrees to, indicating a shared opinion.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Trevor states that "with a comic you don't have to [use your imagination]", and he is "not convinced of their value", which may be a trap because he does not state that comics are inferior to books.

⭐ Key Learning Point: When both speakers have to agree, identify when they have similar opinions and do not choose an answer based on only one of the speakers.

📝 Question 25:

"With regard to books aimed at only boys or only girls, Trevor was surprised"

🔹 Correct Answer: B (how few books were aimed at both girls and boys)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I was amazed (Q25) how many books were targeted at just one sex or the other."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Targeted at just one sex or the other" implies that there were few books for both sexes.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions "how long the distinction had gone unquestioned" but this is not what surprised Trevor, and is not the right answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the main point of surprise that the speaker emphasizes.

📝 Question 26:

"Perrault’s fairy tales"

🔹 Correct Answer: F (started a new genre)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "They must be important, (Q26) because no stories of that type had been written before, there were the first."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "No stories of that type had been written before, there were the first" directly means they started a new genre.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no traps for this question, as the answer is clearly indicated in the audio.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for key phrases that indicate the beginning of something new.

📝 Question 27:

"The Swiss Family Robinson"

🔹 Correct Answer: E (original title refers to another book)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "The English name makes it sound as though Robinson is the family’s surname, but a more accurate translation would be The Swiss Robinsons, because it’s about (Q27) a Swiss family who are shipwrecked, like Robinson Crusoe in the novel of a century earlier."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio explains that the book is about "a Swiss family who are shipwrecked, like Robinson Crusoe," which means that the original title refers to another book.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no significant potential traps for this question, with the correct answer being stated clearly.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the meaning of the information, and try to understand the relationship to other works of art.

📝 Question 28:

"The Nutcracker and the Mouse King"

🔹 Correct Answer: C (inspired a work in a different area of art)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Wasn’t that (Q28) the basis for Tchaikovsky’s ballet The Nutcracker?"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "The basis for Tchaikovsky's ballet" means that the story inspired a ballet, which is a different area of art. The audio uses the term "ballet" directly.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There is no major potential trap, as the audio uses the direct term "ballet".

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer will always be the most direct link between the two types of art.

📝 Question 29:

"The Lord of the Rings"

🔹 Correct Answer: B (hard to read)

📍 Location in Audio Script: " (Q29) I struggled with Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings – there long books, and I gave up after one."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Struggled with", "long books", and "gave up after one" all indicate that it is "hard to read". There is a use of paraphrasing.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions "extremely popular," but Stephanie says that she personally found it "hard to read," which is the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for personal experiences as the source of an opinion.

📝 Question 30:

"War Horse"

🔹 Correct Answer: G (unlikely topic)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Oh yes. It’s about the First Word War, isn’t it? (Q30) Hardly what you’d expect for a children’s story."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Hardly what you'd expect for a children's story" is the same as an "unlikely topic."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions "very successful", but this is not the feature being tested.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to phrases that express opinions or unexpected attributes.

Audio Script: Part 3

STEPHANIE: Hello, Trevor.

TREVOR: Hello, Stephanie. You said you wanted to talk about the course I’m taking on literature for children.

STEPHANIE: That’s right. I’m thinking of doing it next year, but I’d like to find out more about it first.

TREVOR: OK, well, as you probably know, it’s a one-year course. It’s divided into six modules, and you have to take all of them. One of the most interesting ones, for me, at least, was about the purpose of children’s literature.

STEPHANIE: You mean, whether it should just entertain children or should be educational, as well.

TREVOR: Right, and whether the teaching should be factual – giving them information about the world – or ethical, teaching them values. What’s fascinating is that 📍Q21 the writer isn’t necessarily conscious of the message they’re conveying. For instance, a story might show a child who has a problem as a result of not doing what an adult has told them to do, implying that children should always obey adults.

STEPHANIE: I see what you mean.

TREVOR: That module made me realise how important stories are – they can have a significant effect on children as they grow up. Actually, 📍Q22 it inspired me to have a go at it myself, just for my own interest. I know can’t compete with the really popular stories, like the Harry Potter books – they’re very good, and even young kids like my seven-year-old niece love reading them.

STEPHANIE: Mm. I’m very interested in illustrations in stories. Is that covered in the course?

TREVOR: Yes, there’s a module on pictures, and how they’re sometimes central to the story.

STEPHANIE: That’s good. I remember some frightening ones I saw as a child and I can still see them vividly in my mind, years later! Pictures can be so powerful, just as powerful as words. I’ve always enjoyed drawing, so 📍Q23 that’s the field I want to go into when I finish the course. I bet that module will be really helpful.

TREVOR: I’m sure it will. We also studied comics in that module, but I’m not convinced of their value, not compared with books. One of the great things about words is that you use your imagination, but with a comic you don’t have to.

STEPHANIE: But children are so used to visual input – on TV, video games, and so on. There are plenty of kids who wouldn’t even try to read a book, so I think 📍Q24 comics can serve a really useful purpose.

TREVOR: You mean, it’s better to read a comic than not to read at all? Yes, I suppose you’re right. I just think its sad when children don’t read books.

STEPHANIE: What about books for girls and books for boys? Does the course go into that?

TREVOR: Yes, there’s a module on it. For years, lots of stories, in English, at least, assumed that boys went out and did adventurous things and girls stayed at home and played with dolls. I was amazed 📍Q25 how many books were targeted at just one sex or the other. Of course this reflects society as it is when the books are written.

STEPHANIE: That’s true. So it sounds as though you think it’s a good course.

TREVOR: Definitely.

———————————-

TREVOR: Have you been reading lots of children’s stories, to help you decide whether to take the course?

STEPHANIE: Yeah. I’ve gone as far back as the late seventeenth century, though I know there were earlier children’s stories.

TREVOR: So does that mean you’ve read Perrault’s fairy tales? Cinderella, The Sleeping Beauty, and so on.

STEPHANIE: Yes. They must be important, 📍Q26 because no stories of that type had been written before, there were the first. Then there’s The Swiss Family Robinson.

TREVOR: I haven’t read that.

STEPHANIE: The English name makes it sound as though Robinson is the family’s surname, but a more accurate translation would be The Swiss Robinsons, because it’s about 📍Q27 a Swiss family who are shipwrecked, like Robinson Crusoe in the novel of a century earlier.

TREVOR: Well I never knew that!

STEPHANIE: Have you read Hoffmann’s The Nutcracker and the Mouse King?

TREVOR: Wasn’t that 📍Q28 the basis for Tchaikovsky’s ballet The Nutcracker?

STEPHANIE: That’s right. It has some quite bizarre elements.

TREVOR: I hope you’ve read Oscar Wilde’s The Happy Prince. It’s probably my favourite children’s story of all time.

STEPHANIE: Mine too! And it’s so surprising, because Wilde is best known for his plays, and most of them are very witty, but The Happy Prince is really moving. 📍Q29 I struggled with Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings – there long books, and I gave up after one.

TREVOR: It’s extremely popular, though.

STEPHANIE: Yeah, but whereas something like The Happy Prince just carried me along with it, The Lord of the Rings took more effort than I was prepared to give it.

TREVOR: I didn’t find that – I love it.

STEPHANIE: Another one I’ve read is War Horse.

TREVOR: Oh yes. It’s about the First Word War, isn’t it? 📍Q30 Hardly what you’d expect for a children’s story.

STEPHANIE: Exactly, but it’s been very successful. Have you read any …

PART 4 Questions 31-40 + Audio Script

📝 Question 31:

"had a semicircle of large stones round a 31 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: spring

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...seven half-tonne stones standing in a semicircle around a (Q31) spring, that might have been used for ceremonial purposes."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is stated directly. The word "round" indicates that the large stones encircled the spring.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no significant potential traps.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the direct nouns that follow "around" and which best complete the sentence.

📝 Question 32:

"research carried out into structures, 32 ...... and human remains"

🔹 Correct Answer: tools

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Research on the buildings, (Q32) tools and the human remains has revealed how the bustling village once functioned..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio provides the answer directly. The question gives "structures" and "human remains" and the audio gives the middle answer as "tools".

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no major traps for this question.

⭐ Key Learning Point: When a series of items are provided in a list, listen carefully to each item.

📝 Question 33:

"used in the oil industry, e.g. to make 33 ......."

🔹 Correct Answer: maps

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...to create (Q33) maps of the seabed before rigs and pipelines are installed."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is stated directly. The audio gives an example of use that is "to make maps"

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no major potential traps.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the example of how the technology is used.

📝 Question 34:

"problems: they were expensive and 34 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: heavy

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Until relatively recently they were very expensive, and so (Q34) heavy that they had to be launched from a large vessel with a winch."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly uses the word "heavy" as a second problem. There is a direct link from the audio to the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no major traps.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for adjectives that describe the characteristic of the objects that are being talked about.

📝 Question 35:

"found ancient Roman ships carrying architectural elements made of 35 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: marble

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...while ferrying prefabricated (Q35) marble elements for the construction of an early church."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The word "marble" is stated directly in the audio, there is no paraphrasing.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions columns, but that is not the right answer, as the question asks for the material.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The focus is always on the direct question and not on related items.

📝 Question 36:

"36 ....... is used for short distance communication, acoustic waves for long distance"

🔹 Correct Answer: light

📍 Location in Audio Script: "For short distances, AUVs can share data using (Q36) light..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states that "light" is used for short distances, which matches the question.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio also mentions "acoustic waves," but that is for long distance and is not the right answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Make sure you choose the option that is associated with the condition of the short distance, as this is what is being tested.

📝 Question 37:

"AUV can send data to another AUV that has better 37 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: camera(s)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...with a nearby AUV that carries superior (Q37) cameras, and arrange for that AUV to make a closer inspection of the object."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states "superior cameras," which directly answers the question.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions other types of information sharing which is not correct for this answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the details of which specific piece of equipment is being described.

📝 Question 38:

"one carrying 38 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: medical

📍 Location in Audio Script: "When it sank, it was carrying (Q38) medical goods, in wooden or tin receptacles."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly uses "medical" which is the correct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no potential traps for this question.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The correct answer will always be directly stated.

📝 Question 39:

"tables may have been used for cleaning the 39 ......"

🔹 Correct Answer: eyes

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...including tablets that are thought to have been dissolved to form a cleansing liquid for the (Q39) eyes."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Cleansing liquid for the eyes" indicates that the tables were used for cleaning the eyes. The answer is in the phrase.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions the medical goods and the tables are linked to the preparation of these goods.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Always look for the direct information and not a related concept.

📝 Question 40:

"others carrying containers of olive oil or 40 ....."

🔹 Correct Answer: wine

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...some held huge pots made of terracotta. Some were used for transporting cargoes of olive oil, and others held (Q40) wine."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio provides "wine" as the second item in a list, which is a direct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: There are no significant traps for this answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for connecting words, like "or" that introduce another item in a list, as that can indicate that you are approaching the correct answer.

Audio Script: Part 4

In today’s class I’m going to talk about marine archaeology, the branch of archaeology focusing on human interaction with the sea, lakes and rivers. It’s the study of ships, cargoes, shipping facilities, and other physical remains. I’ll give you an example, then go on to show how this type of research is being transformed by the use of the latest technology.

Atlit-Yam was a village on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, which seems to have been thriving until around 7,000 BC. The residents kept cattle, caught fish and stored grain. They had wells for fresh water, many of their houses were built around a courtyard and were constructed of stone. The village contained an impressive monument: seven half-tonne stones standing in a semicircle around a 📍Q31 spring, that might have been used for ceremonial purposes.

Atlit-Yam may have been destroyed swiftly by a tsunami, or climate change may have caused glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise, flooding the village gradually. Whatever the cause, it now lies ten metres below the surface of the Mediterranean, buried under sand at the bottom of the sea. It’s been described as the largest and best preserved prehistoric settlement ever found on the seabed.

For marine archaeologists, Atlit-Yam is a treasure trove. Research on the buildings, 📍Q32 tools and the human remains has revealed how the bustling village once functioned, and even what diseases some of its residents suffered from. But of course this is only one small village, one window into a lost world. For a fuller picture, researchers need more sunken settlements, but the hard part is finding them.

Underwater research used to require divers to find shipwrecks or artefacts, but in the second half of the twentieth century, various types of underwater vehicles were developed, some controlled from a ship on the surface, and some of them autonomous, which means they don’t need to be operated by a person.

Autonomous underwater vehicles, or AUVs, are used in the oil industry, for instance, to create 📍Q33 maps of the seabed before rigs and pipelines are installed. To navigate they use sensors, such as compasses and sonar. Until relatively recently they were very expensive, and so 📍Q34 heavy that they had to be launched from a large vessel with a winch.

————————

But the latest AUVs are much easier to manoeuvre – they can be launched from the shore or a small ship. And they’re much cheaper, which makes them more accessible to research teams. They’re also very sophisticated. They can communicate with each other and, for example, work out the most efficient way to survey a site, or to find particular objects on the seabed.

Field tests show the approach can work. For example, in a trial in 2015, three AUVs searched for wrecks at Marzamemi, off the coast of Sicily. The site is the final resting place of an ancient Roman ship, which sank in the sixth century AD while ferrying prefabricated 📍Q35 marble elements for the construction of an early church. The AUVs mapped the area in detail, finding other ships carrying columns of the same material.

Creating an internet in the sea for AUVs to communicate is no easy matter. Wifi networks on land use electromagnetic waves, but in water these will only travel a few centimetres. Instead, a more complex mix of technologies is required. For short distances, AUVs can share date using 📍Q36 light, while acoustic waves are used to communicate over long distances. But more creative solutions are also being developed, where an AUV working on the seabed offloads data to a second AUV, which then surfaces and beams the data home to the research team using a satellite.

There’s also a system that enables AUVs to share information from seabed scans, and other data. So if an AUV surveying the seabed finds an intriguing object, it can share the coordinates of the object – that is, its position – with a nearby AUV that carries superior 📍Q37 cameras, and arrange for that AUV to make a closer inspection of the object.

Marine archaeologists are excited about the huge potential of these AUVs for their discipline. One site where they’re going to be deployed is the Gulf of Baratti, off the Italian coast. In 1974, a 2,000-year-old Roman vessel was discovered here, in 18 metres of water. When it sank, it was carrying 📍Q38 medical goods, in wooden or tin receptacles. Its cargo gives us insight into the treatments available all those years ago, including tablets that are thought to have been dissolved to form a cleansing liquid for the 📍Q39 eyes.

Other Roman ships went down nearby, taking their cargoes with them. Some held huge pots made of terracotta. Some were used for transporting cargoes of olive oil, and others held 📍Q40 wine. In many cases it’s only these containers that remain, while the wooden ships have been buried under silt on the seabed.

Another project that’s about to …