تحلیل لیسنینگ آیلتس آکادمیک و جنرال کمبریج 13 - تست 1: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

📝 Question 1: How to **choose** and cook with seasonal products.

🔹 Correct Answer: choose

📍 Location in Audio Script: "They focus on seasonal products, and as well as teaching you how to cook them, they also show you how to **choose** (Q1) them."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script directly states the purpose of the class: they teach how to **choose seasonal products**. The word "**choose**" is used in the audio script and the answer, so no synonym or paraphrasing is needed.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The focus of the classes is on **seasonal products**, but the correct answer is what the class teaches you to do with the products, which is to "**choose**" them.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay close attention to the **specific detail** that the question is asking for. In this case, it is not just about the topic, but the **action** related to the topic.

📝 Question 2: Also offers **private** classes.

🔹 Correct Answer: private

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And could I get a **private** (Q2) lesson there? I think so … let me check, yes, they do offer those."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly states that the classes offer **private lessons**. The word "**private**" is used in the question and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions that classes are small and that people get to know each other. But this is used to support that idea that most people find the regular classes to be good, and is not related to what type of classes they offer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be alert to specific **types of services** offered, which may be mentioned even if they are not the main point of the conversation.

📝 Question 3: Clients who return get a **20/twenty percent** discount.

🔹 Correct Answer: 20/twenty percent

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And this company has a special deal for clients where they offer a discount of **20 percent** (Q3) if you return for a further class."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script directly states the **amount of discount**. The number is the direct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: None, as the information is stated **clearly**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to specific **numbers and percentages**, as these are often key pieces of information.

📝 Question 4: Food that is **healthy**.

🔹 Correct Answer: healthy

📍 Location in Audio Script: "They concentrate on teaching you to prepare **healthy** (Q4) food, and they have quite a lot of specialist staff."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly states what kind of food the Bond's Cookery School focuses on: **healthy food**. The word "**healthy**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker asks if the school focuses on **low calorie diets**, but the official clarifies that they don't. This could lead the test taker to think that is a type of food.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Note the **specific kind of food** mentioned, as that is the key point.

📝 Question 5: Includes recipes to strengthen your **bones**.

🔹 Correct Answer: bones

📍 Location in Audio Script: "It’s more to do with recipes that look at specific needs, like including ingredients that will help build up your **bones** (Q5) and make them stronger, that sort of thing."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio specifically mentions that the recipes help to strengthen your **bones**. The word "**bones**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The reference to "**recipes that look at specific needs**" is not the correct answer; the question asks for what the recipes help to strengthen.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on what **part of the body** is being helped by the recipes.

📝 Question 6: They have a free **lecture** every Thursday.

🔹 Correct Answer: lecture

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And if you want to know more about them, every Thursday evening they have a **lecture** (Q6) at the school."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly states what happens on Thursday evenings at the school. The word "**lecture**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker also mentions it is **free** and at **7:30pm**; it is a lecture that is free on Thursdays.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for specific **types of events or activities** that take place regularly.

📝 Question 7: The **Arretsa** Centre.

🔹 Correct Answer: Arretsa

📍 Location in Audio Script: "That’s got a rather strange name, it’s called The **Arretsa** (Q7) Centre – that’s spelled A-R-R-E-T-S-A."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio clearly states the **name of the center**. The word "**Arretsa**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions that it has a **strange name**. That could be misleading.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to **names and spelling**, especially when they are explicitly spelled out.

📝 Question 8: Mainly **vegetarian** food.

🔹 Correct Answer: vegetarian

📍 Location in Audio Script: "They do a bit of meat and fish cookery but they mostly specialise in **vegetarian** (Q8) dishes."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script states that the center mainly specializes in **vegetarian dishes**. The word "**vegetarian**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions that the center does do some **meat and fish**, but the focus is on **vegetarian** food.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the **main area of focus**, not just the options that are mentioned.

📝 Question 9: Located near the **market**.

🔹 Correct Answer: market

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Is it just by the **market**? (Q9)" "That’s right."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script confirms the location of the center as being near the **market**. The word "**market**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker might think it would be near the market because they get their ingredients there, but the **location of the center** is the focus of the question.

⭐ Key Learning Point: **Location details**, specifically, are important.

📝 Question 10: A special course in skills with a **knife** is sometimes available.

🔹 Correct Answer: knife

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And they also offer a special two-hour course in how to use a **knife** (Q10)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script explicitly states that they offer a **knife skills course**. The word "**knife**" is used in the audio script and the answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Other kitchen equipment might be mentioned in the general discussion of cookery, but the question is specifically asking about the **special course**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be **specific to details**, especially when the question is about a particular skill.

📝 Question 11: Why are changes needed to traffic systems in Granford?

🔹 Correct Answer: B (The amount of traffic on the roads has increased.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Well, we’re very aware that traffic is becoming an increasing problem... But it’s the overall rise in the **volume of traffic** of all kinds that’s concerning us (Q11)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker mentions that traffic is becoming a problem because the overall **traffic volume has increased**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker notes that there have been **no accidents** yet, ruling out option A; the changes in vehicles are **not mentioned**, ruling out option C.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the **overall reason** for the changes, not just related issues.

📝 Question 12: In a survey, local residents particularly complained about:

🔹 Correct Answer: C (inconvenience from parked cars)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "People were very concerned about the **lack of visibility** on some roads due to cars **parked** along the sides of the roads (Q12)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script specifically says residents are concerned about the **lack of visibility due to parked cars**. This implies that the parked cars are causing **inconvenience**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions the **congestion near the school** and **noise and fumes from trucks and lorries** were mentioned, which may confuse test takers into thinking it is a major cause of complaint.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the **main complaint** of the local residents from the survey.

📝 Question 13: According to the speaker, one problem with the new regulations will be:

🔹 Correct Answer: B (finding a way to make people follow them.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "But, of course, it’s no good introducing new regulations if we don’t have a way of making sure that **everyone obeys them** (Q13), and that’s an area we’re still working on..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script directly states that a main issue will be making sure people **follow the new regulations**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Option A might sound like a potential issue as the speaker mentions keeping the proposals in **budget**, but it is not described as a problem. Option C mentions the police, but the speaker mentions that they are "**working on with the help of representatives from the police force**", suggesting cooperation rather than difficulty getting support.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the **stated problems**, not related issues that are not discussed as issues.

📝 Question 14: New traffic lights.

🔹 Correct Answer: E (at the School Road Junction)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...we’re planning to have another set at the other end, at the **School Road junction** (Q14), to regulate the flow or traffic along the High Street."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script refers to the planned location of **new traffic lights** as being at the **School Road Junction**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The **existing traffic lights** at the intersection with Station Road could be misleading as the answer is looking for the **new** traffic lights.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Make sure to note that the **new traffic lights** are the correct answer, and not existing ones.

📝 Question 15: Pedestrian crossing.

🔹 Correct Answer: D (on the High Street, in front of the supermarket)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...we decided to locate it on the **High Street**, crossing the road in front of the **supermarket** (Q15)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states that the crossing will be on the **High Street**, in front of the **supermarket**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions considering putting it on **School Road**, which could be misleading.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Always listen for the **final decision** when there are multiple options.

📝 Question 16: Parking allowed.

🔹 Correct Answer: B (on the High Street, outside the library)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "At present, parking isn’t allowed on the High Street outside the library, but we’re going to change that, and **allow parking there** (Q16)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker says that **parking will be allowed** on the **High Street outside the library**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions that parking was **not previously allowed**, which could mislead some test takers.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the **changes in regulations**, especially regarding parking.

📝 Question 17: New ‘no parking’ sign.

🔹 Correct Answer: G (on School Road, at the entrance to the school)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "There’ll be a new ‘No Parking’ sign on **School Road**, just by the **entrance to the school** (Q17), forbidding parking for 25 metres."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script specifically states the new ‘no parking’ sign will be on **School Road**, at the **entrance to the school**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentioned parking would not be allowed near School Road, so any other points of reference could be misleading.

⭐ Key Learning Point: **Specific locations** for new signs are important.

📝 Question 18: New disabled parking spaces.

🔹 Correct Answer: C (on the side road, up towards the bank)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...we’ve got two new disabled parking spaces on the **side road up towards the bank** (Q18)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker notes that the **new parking spots** are on the **side road up towards the bank**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker also says that disabled drivers previously parked outside the **supermarket**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: **New parking locations** for disabled drivers should be noted.

📝 Question 19: Widened pavement.

🔹 Correct Answer: H (on the bend on School Road, before the school)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "We also plan to widen the pavement on School Road... on the **bend just before you get to the school** (Q19), on the same side of the road."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script mentions that the pavement will be **widened on the bend** on **School Road before getting to the school**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Some test takers may focus on the **school**, but the correct answer is on the **bend before the school**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be specific about the **location of the widened pavement**.

📝 Question 20: Lorry loading/unloading restrictions.

🔹 Correct Answer: I (at the supermarket on School Road)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Finally, we’ve introduced new restrictions on loading and unloading for the supermarket, so lorries will only be allowed to stop there before 8 am. That’s the **supermarket on School Road** (Q20)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script states that restrictions are on loading for the **supermarket on School Road**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions that they "**kept to the existing arrangements with the High Street supermarket**", which could be misleading.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen carefully for **new and altered restrictions**.

📝 Question 21: Why is Jack interested in investigating seed germination?

🔹 Correct Answer: A (He may do a module on a related topic later on)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "No, there’s an optional module on seed structure and function in the third year that **I might do**, so I thought it might be **useful for that** (Q21)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: **Jack** explains his interest is in case he takes the **optional module** in the future.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The script mentions his hope to work in **plant science** eventually. Option C is incorrect because he says "if I choose that option, I don’t have to do a **dissertation module**".

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the **specific reason stated** for choosing the experiment.

📝 Question 22: Jack and Emma agree the main advantage of their present experiment is that it can be:

🔹 Correct Answer: C (completed in the time available)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "That should be fine if we start now. A lot of the other possible experiments need quite a bit longer (Q22)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script says the chosen experiment is suitable because it can be **completed in the time available**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The script mentions that it won't need much **equipment** and that the experiment can be completed in the **laboratory**, but those are not the **main advantages**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the **main advantage**, not just any characteristic of the experiment.

📝 Question 23: What do they decide to check with their tutor?

🔹 Correct Answer: B (whether anyone else has chosen this topic)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I’m sure our aim’s OK...But we need to be sure we’re the **only ones doing it** (Q23)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script mentions that they will check with the tutor to ensure they're the **only ones doing that particular experiment**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: While they mention the aim is okay and it only contributes a small percentage of their final grade, this is **not what they will check with the tutor**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the **specific reason** for discussing with the tutor.

📝 Question 24: They agree that Grave’s book on seed germination is disappointing because:

🔹 Correct Answer: C (its focus is very theoretical)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I found it quite hard to follow – lots about the **theory**, which I hadn’t expected (Q24)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: **Emma** states the book was hard to follow due to the amount of **theory**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: While the book includes recent findings on **genetically-modified seeds**, it does not make it a useful book for them, and was not the reason why the book was found disappointing.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the **main reason** for their disappointment with the book.

📝 Question 25: What does Jack say about the article on seed germination by Lee Hall?

🔹 Correct Answer: B (the analysis of seed germination statistics is thorough)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "His **analysis of figures** comparing the times of the fires and the proportion of seeds that germinated was done in a lot of detail – very **impressive** (Q25)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: **Jack** says the **analysis of figures** was thorough and impressive.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **Jack** says the article was about "**seeds that lie in the ground for ages and only germinate after a fire**" and that there were "**illustrations of early stages of plant development**" in another article, but these were not how he described the article of Lee Hall.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Note the **main reason** why the article was impressive.

📝 Question 26: Select seeds of different **types** and sizes

🔹 Correct Answer: G (four different sorts of vegetable seeds)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "So the first thing we have to do is find our seeds. I think vegetable seeds would be best. And obviously they mustn’t all be the same size. So, how many **sorts** do we need? About **four different ones**? (Q26)"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The discussion leads to the idea that they need to find **different "sorts" of seeds**, and not just different sizes.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The conversation leads to a conversation about **sizes** of the seeds, but they must initially select seeds of different **types**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Note the **initial action** in the experiment process.

📝 Question 27: Measure and record the **weight** and size of each one.

🔹 Correct Answer: C (weight)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Then, for each seed we need to find out how much it **weighs** (Q27), and also measure its dimensions, and we need to keep a careful record of all that."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio mentions that they need to find out the **weight** of each seed.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The conversation also mentions the **size**, but the question is focusing on the action of finding out how much it **weighs**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the precise things they need to **measure and record**.

📝 Question 28: Decide on the **depth** to be used.

🔹 Correct Answer: H (depth)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And we also need to **decide how deep** we’re going to plant the seeds (Q28)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script says they need to **decide the depth** of planting for the seeds.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The discussion of depths include "**right on the surface, a few millimetres down, or several centimetres**" but the question is asking what they need to **decide**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for specific **measurements and decisions** for the experiment.

📝 Question 29: Use a **different container** for each seed and label it.

🔹 Correct Answer: A (different container)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Do you think we can plant several seeds together in the same plant pot?" "**No, I think we need a different one for each seed** (Q29)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: They conclude that they should use a **separate container** for each seed.

⚠️ Potential Traps: They were deciding on whether to use the **same pot**, so the container is the important detail.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the decisions they make about using **different equipment** for each seed.

📝 Question 30: After about 3 weeks, record the plant's **height**.

🔹 Correct Answer: E (height)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Then we see if our plants have come up, and **write down how tall they’ve grown** (Q30)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: They will record the **height** of the plant after germination.

⚠️ Potential Traps: They discuss the **length of time**, but that is not the key answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be aware of how they will **measure their experiment's results** after time has passed.

📝 Question 31: The **crow** because of its general adaptability.

🔹 Correct Answer: crow

📍 Location in Audio Script: "One species which is well known as being highly adaptable is the **crow** (Q31)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states the **crow** is well known for being adaptable.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions other animals that have adapted, but the **crow** is the one that is being mentioned as highly adaptable.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Note the **specific example of animal** known for its adaptability.

📝 Question 32: The pigeon – because walls of city buildings are similar to **cliffs**.

🔹 Correct Answer: cliffs

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...just like they once perched on **cliffs** (Q32) by the sea."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio makes an analogy between walls of city buildings and **cliffs**, where pigeons used to perch.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **Ledges** or **walls** might be distracting answers because they are also mentioned, but they're only used as an analogy to the **cliffs**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the **comparison** the speaker makes with the location pigeons used to live in.

📝 Question 33: In fact, many urban animals are adapting with unusual **speed**.

🔹 Correct Answer: speed

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And one thing that researchers are finding especially interesting is the **speed** with which they’re doing this – we’re not talking about gradual evolution here – these animals are changing fast (Q33)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script says that the **speed** with which the animals are adapting is interesting.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions that the changes happen **fast** but not slowly, so "**fast**" would be an incorrect answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on **how fast** they are adapting.

📝 Question 34: She found the size of their **brain(s)** had increased.

🔹 Correct Answer: brain(s)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And she found that during that time, these small mammals had experienced a jump in **brain size** (Q34) when compared to rural mammals."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script clearly states that their **brain size increased**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Other parts of the body are mentioned, but the increase was specifically related to **brain size**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be specific to which **part of the body** had an increase in size.

📝 Question 35: She suggests this may be due to the need to locate new sources of **food** and to deal with new dangers.

🔹 Correct Answer: food

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And Snell-Rood thinks that this change might reflect the cognitive demands of adjusting to city life – having to look in different places to find **food** (Q35) for example, and coping with a whole new set of dangers."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker states the increased brain size may be due to having to look for new sources of **food**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions "**new dangers**", but the question is asking about what they need to **locate**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for specific reasons for the adaptation, in this case, finding new sources of **food**.

📝 Question 36: Catarina Miranda focused on the **behaviour(s)** of urban and rural blackbirds.

🔹 Correct Answer: behaviour(s) / behavior(s)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And she’s been looking not at their anatomy but at their **behaviour** (Q36)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script mentions that the research was focused on their **behaviour** and not their anatomy.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **Anatomy** is mentioned, but is the opposite of the focus of research, so this can be misleading.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Note the type of **research focus**, in this case, **behaviour**.

📝 Question 37: She found urban birds were often braver but were afraid of situations that were **new**.

🔹 Correct Answer: new

📍 Location in Audio Script: "But there’s one type of situation that does seem to frighten the urban blackbirds, and that’s anything **new** (Q37) – anything they haven’t experienced before."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script states that the urban blackbirds are frightened of **new** things.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions the birds are **bold**, which can mislead some test takers.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the specific type of situation that **frightens the birds**.

📝 Question 38: He found that some animals respond to urban environments by producing lower levels of **hormones**.

🔹 Correct Answer: hormones

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...their endocrine systems react by reducing the amount of **hormones** (Q38) such as corticosterone into their blood."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio script states that the animals respond by producing lower levels of **hormones**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The name of the hormone "**corticosterone**" is mentioned, but that is not the correct answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be specific to the **type of substance** whose levels were reduced.

📝 Question 39: Sarah Partan’s team found urban squirrels use their **tail(s)** to help them communicate.

🔹 Correct Answer: tail(s)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...a routine part of their communication is carried out by waving their **tails** (Q39)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states that squirrels communicate by waving their **tails**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: It mentions that **tail waving** is also done in the country, but it is more prevalent in cities, so focusing on the communication action is more important.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the **communication behavior** for the question.

📝 Question 40: However, some changes may not be **permanent**.

🔹 Correct Answer: permanent

📍 Location in Audio Script: "But on the other hand, it’s possible that not all of these adaptations will be **permanent** (Q40)."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio directly states that some of the adaptations may not be **permanent**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker also says that "**we may see completely new species developing in cities**".

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the speaker's statements regarding the possibility of adaptations **not being permanent**.