تحلیل ریدینگ آیلتس جنرال کمبریج 15 - تست 1: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

مقدمه: بخش ریدینگ آیلتس جنرال، توانایی شما در درک متون کاربردی و روزمره را می‌سنجد. برای موفقیت در این بخش، باید با انواع مختلف متن و سوالات آشنا باشید و بتوانید اطلاعات مورد نیاز را به سرعت پیدا کنید. در این راهنما، تحلیل تست ۱ ریدینگ جنرال از کتاب آیلتس کمبریج ۱۵ (Cambridge IELTS 15) را به صورت جامع انجام می‌دهیم. هدف ما آموزش استراتژی‌های موثر برای مدیریت زمان و پاسخ‌دهی دقیق به سوالات متنوع این بخش، از جمله سوالات مربوط به تبلیغات، اطلاعیه‌ها و متون بلندتر است. با مطالعه این تحلیل، با ساختار آزمون بیشتر آشنا شده و با اعتماد به نفس بالاتری تمرین خواهید کرد. 

پالت ناوبری سوالات (Question Navigation)

SECTION 1: Consumer Advice & Rice Cookers

Consumer Advice (Questions 1-6)

📝 Question 1: You will receive a card telling you if an item has been left with a neighbour.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "If your item wasn’t delivered to the location you agreed (e.g. if it was left with your neighbour without your consent), it’s the seller’s legal responsibility to sort out the issue."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states that leaving an item with a neighbour without consent is the seller's responsibility. However, it does not mention whether the delivery company or the seller provides a card (or any specific notification) to the recipient in this scenario.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Students might assume a card is standard practice, but the text is silent on the method of notification.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Do not fill informational gaps with outside knowledge or common assumptions. If the text doesn't mention the specific detail (a card), it is NOT GIVEN.

📝 Question 2: It may be quicker to get a refund than a replacement for a non-delivered item.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "If the item doesn’t turn up, you’re legally entitled to a replacement or refund."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text confirms the entitlement to a replacement or refund. It does not offer any comparative information regarding the speed of obtaining one versus the other.
⚠️ Potential Traps: It might seem logical that a refund is quicker, but the text never explicitly states this or provides a timeframe comparison.
⭐ Key Learning Point: NOT GIVEN is confirmed when a comparison (quicker/slower) or quantitative detail (timeframe) is missing.

📝 Question 3: You are entitled to a refund if the item fails to arrive by a certain time.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "You can ask for your money back if you don’t receive the item within 30 days of buying it."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text sets a "certain time" limit of "30 days" after which the consumer is entitled to ask for a refund ("money back"). This agrees with the statement.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. This is a direct factual confirmation based on a specific time limit.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for words that signify deadlines or eligibility periods.

📝 Question 4: There is a time limit when using the ‘chargeback’ scheme for a debit card payment.

🔹 Correct Answer: TRUE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2 (Debit Card). "You should do this within 120 days of when you paid."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The quote explicitly states the time limit (120 days) for debit card chargeback claims. This agrees with the statement.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The credit card section mentions no time limit for the chargeback (under £100), but the question is specifically about the debit card scheme.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay close attention to the category (debit card vs. credit card) to ensure the correct detail is selected.

📝 Question 5: You can use the ‘chargeback’ scheme for a credit card payment of more than £100.

🔹 Correct Answer: FALSE
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2 (Credit Card). "If you paid by credit card and the item cost less than £100, you should contact your credit card company and say you want to use the ‘chargeback’ scheme... If the item cost more than £100 but less than £30,000, contact your credit card company and say that you want to make a ‘section 75’ claim."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text clearly defines the limit for chargeback as "less than £100." For payments "more than £100," the consumer must use the 'section 75' claim instead. This contradicts the statement.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Confusing the two types of credit card claims (chargeback vs. section 75).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Use numerical limits (e.g., £100) to confirm a distinction and check if the claim type matches the amount.

📝 Question 6: PayPal’s online resolution centre has a good reputation for efficiency.

🔹 Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2 (PayPal). "If you paid using PayPal, use PayPal’s online resolution centre to report your dispute. You must do this within 180 days of paying."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text provides instructions on how to use the resolution centre and its time limit. It offers no subjective information (e.g., reputation, efficiency, quality of service) regarding the centre.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None. The text is purely procedural/factual and lacks the required opinion/assessment.
⭐ Key Learning Point: NOT GIVEN is often the correct answer when the statement contains a subjective adjective (e.g., "good," "efficient," "poor") that is absent from the text.

Rice Cookers (Questions 7-14 - Matching Features)

📝 Question 7: The handles at the side are hard to use.

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: VPN Rice Cooker (D). "...comes with a booklet... However... the handles are tricky to grip."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Tricky to grip" is a direct paraphrase for "hard to use" (difficult to handle).
⚠️ Potential Traps: E mentions a lack of handles, but D has them and states they are difficult.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the description of usability (e.g., "tricky to grip").

📝 Question 8: It cooks brown rice without making a mess.

🔹 Correct Answer: E
📍 Location in Passage: S16 Rice cooker (E). "This is simple to use, not spitting or boiling over even when cooking brown rice."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Not spitting or boiling over" means it cooks brown rice without making a mess.
⚠️ Potential Traps: A states it tends to spit when cooking brown rice. C states water sometimes overflows when cooking brown rice. E is the only one that performs cleanly.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Match the negative statement in the text (e.g., "not spitting") to the positive statement in the question (e.g., "without making a mess").

📝 Question 9: It automatically switches setting to keep to rice warm when cooked.

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Family Rice Cooker (B). "It’s programmed to adjust the temperature once the rice is done so that it stops cooking but doesn’t get cold."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The phrase "programmed to adjust the temperature" (automatically switches setting) so that it "stops cooking but doesn’t get cold" is a clear description of an automatic keep-warm function.
⚠️ Potential Traps: D has a keep-warm setting, but it "must be manually selected," which is the opposite of automatic.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Distinguish between a manual setting and an automatic/programmed function.

📝 Question 10: It’s difficult to get the removable top really clean.

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Ezy Rice Cooker (A). "It has a separate glass lid... There are slight dirt traps around the rim of the lid, and neither the pot nor the lid is dishwasher safe."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Dirt traps around the rim of the lid" suggests it is difficult to get the removable top (lid) really clean.
⚠️ Potential Traps: C's pot is dishwasher safe. A's lid is not, and it has dirt traps.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for words suggesting poor design for cleaning (e.g., "dirt traps," "difficult to clean").

📝 Question 11: A selection of recipes is provided with the cooker.

🔹 Correct Answer: D
📍 Location in Passage: VPN Rice Cooker (D). "...and comes with a booklet including a range of ideas for rice dishes."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: A "booklet including a range of ideas for rice dishes" is a clear match for "a selection of recipes" being provided.
⚠️ Potential Traps: E mentions that a recipe book "would have been useful," confirming that E does not have one.
⭐ Key Learning Point: D is the correct answer; use the other reviews to confirm that the feature is unique or present as described.

📝 Question 12: It has a handle at the top for carrying the cooker safely.

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Family Rice Cooker (B). "The lid locks when closed and becomes a secure handle to carry the cooker."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The description of the lid becoming a secure handle confirms it has a handle at the top for carrying the cooker safely.
⚠️ Potential Traps: A has a handle on the lid, but only states it "stays cool." B specifically mentions its function as a secure handle to carry the cooker.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Match the feature (handle) to its specific function (carrying the cooker safely).

📝 Question 13: The outside of the cooker doesn’t get too hot.

🔹 Correct Answer: E
📍 Location in Passage: S16 Rice cooker (E). "The exterior stays cool when in use, so there’s no danger of burning your hand."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Exterior stays cool when in use" means the outside of the cooker doesn’t get too hot.
⚠️ Potential Traps: A's handle stays cool, but E's entire exterior stays cool.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Differentiate between a part (handle) and the whole (exterior).

📝 Question 14: You can put the pot in the dishwasher.

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Mini Rice Cooker (C). "The interior pot is made of non-stick aluminium and is dishwasher safe."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Dishwasher safe" is a direct confirmation that you can put the pot in the dishwasher.
⚠️ Potential Traps: A and B both state the pot/lid are not dishwasher safe.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the specific term "dishwasher safe."

SECTION 2: Safety on Roofs & Maternity Allowance

Safety When Working on Roofs (Questions 15-22)

📝 Question 15: – over half of falls are from less than three metres

🔹 Correct Answer: three metres
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "...more than 50 percent of falls are from under three metres..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states over half (more than 50 percent) of falls are from under three metres.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'three' alone (not specific enough) or '50 percent' (this is the percentage, not the distance).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the measurement/distance required by the question.

📝 Question 16: – the majority of falls occur on residential building sites

🔹 Correct Answer: residential building sites
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 1. "More injuries happen on residential building sites than any other workplace in the construction sector."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The term "More injuries happen" implies the majority of falls occur here, and the location is specified as residential building sites.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'construction sector' (too general).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Use the most specific location given in the text.

📝 Question 17: – eliminate the hazard at the planning stage before the work begins if possible

🔹 Correct Answer: eliminate
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "The first thing to be considered is whether it is possible to eliminate this hazard completely, so that workers are not exposed to the danger of falling."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The first control strategy is to eliminate the hazard completely, which the text suggests can be done at the "design, construction planning" stage.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'possible' or 'design'. The action is eliminate.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the verb that describes the required action.

📝 Question 18: – prevent a fall by using edge protection, e.g. scaffolding or temporary work platforms

🔹 Correct Answer: temporary work platforms
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "...If this is not practicable, then temporary work platforms should be used."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text lists existing scaffolding as one option for edge protection, and "temporary work platforms" as the next option if scaffolding is not practicable.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'scaffolding' (already listed) or 'practicable'.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In list completion, select the alternative option provided in the text.

📝 Question 19: – reduce the likelihood of injury, e.g. by using safety nets

🔹 Correct Answer: safety nets
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 3. "...This means considering the use of safety nets and other similar systems to make it less likely that injury will be caused if a fall does occur."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: To minimise harm if a fall occurs, the text recommends using "safety nets and other similar systems."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'similar systems' (too vague). The specific example needed is safety nets.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Select the concrete example from the list in the text.

📝 Question 20: – these should only be used for maintenance work which does not take a long time

🔹 Correct Answer: maintenance work
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "Ladders should only be employed for short-duration maintenance work such as touching up paint."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Ladders should only be used for "short-duration maintenance work." The question uses "which does not take a long time" to paraphrase "short-duration."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'touching up paint' (too specific as an example).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Use the general category (maintenance work) that describes the action.

📝 Question 21: – training should be provided in their selection and use

🔹 Correct Answer: selection
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "People using ladders should be trained and instructed in the selection and safe use of ladders."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Training should be provided in the "selection and safe use" of ladders.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'safe' (already implied by 'use').
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the unlisted part of the compound phrase ("selection and safe use").

📝 Question 22: – regular inspection of ladders is required

🔹 Correct Answer: inspection
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "There should be inspection of all ladders on a regular basis to ensure they are safe to use."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states that regular "inspection" of ladders is required.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'basis' or 'ladders'. The action is inspection.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Match the noun for the administrative action (inspection) to the gap.

Maternity Allowance (Questions 23-27 - Sentence Completion)

📝 Question 23: The maximum amount of money a woman can get each week is £140.98.

🔹 Correct Answer: 140.98
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 2. "You could get either: £140.98 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks"
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text lists the maximum fixed amount as £140.98 (before applying the 'whichever is less' rule).
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using '90%' or '27' (the lower rate). The question asks for the maximum amount.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Extract the highest numerical fixed value from the options.

📝 Question 24: Being unemployed for a time does not necessarily mean that a woman will not be eligible for Maternity Allowance.

🔹 Correct Answer: unemployed
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 4. "It doesn’t matter if you had different jobs, or periods when you were unemployed."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text confirms that having periods when you were "unemployed" does not prevent you from qualifying for the 39-week allowance.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'working' or 'jobs'. The question asks about the non-working status.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the status that the text explicitly states is not a barrier to eligibility.

📝 Question 25: In order to claim, a woman must send a payslip or a Small Earnings Exemption Certificate as evidence of her income.

🔹 Correct Answer: payslip
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6. "You also need to provide a payslip or a Certificate of Small Earnings Exemption as proof of your income..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The list of required income evidence includes a "payslip" or the Certificate.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'income' or 'proof'. The specific document is the payslip.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Extract the specific document name from the list of evidence.

📝 Question 26: In order to claim, a woman may need to provide a doctor's letter as evidence of the due date.

🔹 Correct Answer: doctor's letter
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 6. "...and proof of the baby’s due date, such as a doctor’s letter."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text gives "doctor's letter" as the example of proof for the baby's due date.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'proof' or 'due date'. The question requires the evidence document.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the specific example of evidence provided in the text.

📝 Question 27: Payment may be affected by differences in someone’s circumstances such as a return to work, and the local Jobcentre Plus must be informed.

🔹 Correct Answer: circumstances
📍 Location in Passage: Paragraph 8. "You should report any changes to your circumstances, for example, if you go back to work, to your local Jobcentre Plus..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states that changes to "circumstances" (with "go back to work" as an example) must be reported as they can affect payment.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'changes' or 'return to work'. The general concept is circumstances.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Find the general category noun that encompasses the specific example provided.

SECTION 3: The California Gold Rush

The California Gold Rush (Questions 28-31 - Multiple Choice)

📝 Question 28: The writer suggests that Marshall’s discovery came at a good time for the US because

🔹 Correct Answer: D. the region was about to come under the control of the US.
📍 Location in Passage: Section A. "As it happens, just days after Marshall’s discovery, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed, ending the Mexican-American War and transferring California, with its mineral deposits, into the ownership of the United States."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text directly links the timing of the discovery with the timing of the US gaining ownership/control of California and its mineral deposits, making the discovery timely for the US.
⚠️ Potential Traps: B is incorrect; Marshall was a carpenter, not an expert in gold mining techniques. C is incorrect; the population was very small at the time.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the explicit connection/timing mentioned in the text (the "as it happens" clause) that links the two events.

📝 Question 29: What was the reaction in 1848 to the news of the discovery of gold?

🔹 Correct Answer: C. People needed to see physical evidence before they took it seriously.
📍 Location in Passage: Section B. "Though the initial reaction in San Francisco was disbelief, storekeeper Sam Brannan set off a frenzy when he paraded through town displaying a small bottle containing gold from Sutter’s Creek."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The initial reaction was "disbelief," but the sight of "physical evidence" (Sam Brannan's bottle of gold) "set off a frenzy" (made them take it seriously).
⚠️ Potential Traps: B is incorrect; some men left, but only after Brannan's display, not immediately following the first reports. A is incorrect; the press was initially skeptical (Section C).
⭐ Key Learning Point: Trace the sequence of reactions (disbelief $\rightarrow$ physical evidence $\rightarrow$ frenzy) to identify the crucial turning point.

📝 Question 30: What was the result of thousands of people moving to California?

🔹 Correct Answer: C. Some of those who stayed behind had to take on unexpected roles.
📍 Location in Passage: Section C. "...they left their families and local areas; in turn, their wives had no option but to shoulder different responsibilities such as running farms or businesses, and many made a real success of them."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The departure of the men forced their wives (those who stayed behind) to take on "different responsibilities" (unexpected roles) like running businesses.
⚠️ Potential Traps: B is incorrect; the section only discusses the pursuit of wealth, not the guarantee of getting it. D is incorrect; the towns were characterized by "overcrowded chaos" and were "lawless."
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for secondary effects of the main migration—what happened to the communities the migrants left behind.

📝 Question 31: What does the writer say about using pans and rockers to find gold?

🔹 Correct Answer: D. Miners had to find a way round a design fault in one system.
📍 Location in Passage: Section E. "The primary disadvantage was that the rocker had difficulty in trapping the smallest particles of gold, commonly known as ‘flour’. Some miners added small amounts of mercury to the bottom of the rocker... to trap fine gold."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The difficulty trapping 'flour' was a design fault in the rocker. The miners adding mercury was their way to find a way round this fault.
⚠️ Potential Traps: A is incorrect; only the rocker sometimes required mercury, not both methods. B is incorrect; the text says a miner could process more dirt with a rocker, implying one person could operate it. C is incorrect; pans were slow, not necessarily the best for novices.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The addition of mercury was a user-implemented solution to a design limitation (difficulty trapping small gold).

The California Gold Rush (Questions 32-36 - Matching Information)

📝 Question 32: a reference to ways of making money in California other than mining for gold

🔹 Correct Answer: C
📍 Location in Passage: Section C. "To accommodate the needs of the ‘49ers... towns had sprung up all over the region, complete with shops and other businesses seeking to make their own Gold Rush fortune."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The mention of shops and other businesses that were trying to make a fortune clearly refers to ways of making money other than mining for gold.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Section B mentions Sam Brannan, a storekeeper, but C focuses on the general establishment of non-mining businesses.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the establishment of supporting industries or service professions.

📝 Question 33: a suggestion that the gold that was found did not often compensate for the hard work undertaken

🔹 Correct Answer: F
📍 Location in Passage: Section F. "Mining had always been difficult and dangerous labor, and striking it rich required good luck as much as skill and hard work. Moreover, the average daily pay for an independent miner had by then dropped sharply from what it had been in 1848."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The drop in average daily pay despite the continuous difficult and dangerous labor suggests that the reward (gold found) no longer compensated for the effort (hard work).
⚠️ Potential Traps: D discusses panning as "slow," but F explicitly connects the hard work to the low/dropping pay.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Match the idea of poor return on investment (low pay for hard labor) to the required statement.

📝 Question 34: a mention of an individual who convinced many of the existence of gold in California.

🔹 Correct Answer: B
📍 Location in Passage: Section B. "...storekeeper Sam Brannan set off a frenzy when he paraded through town displaying a small bottle containing gold from Sutter’s Creek."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sam Brannan's actions of displaying the gold convinced the initially skeptical public and "set off a frenzy," making him the individual who convinced many of the gold's existence.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Marshall found the gold, but Brannan convinced the public.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Distinguish between the discoverer and the convincer/promoter.

📝 Question 35: details of the pre-Gold Rush population of California

🔹 Correct Answer: A
📍 Location in Passage: Section A. "At the time, the population of the territory consisted of 6,500 Californios (people of Spanish or Mexican descent); 700 foreigners (primarily Americans); and 150,000 Native Americans."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: This quote explicitly lists the details of the population before the Gold Rush frenzy began (at the time of Marshall's discovery and the Treaty signing).
⚠️ Potential Traps: Section C mentions the population after the initial rushes.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Check for the time marker ("At the time," "pre-Gold Rush") to ensure the correct population figures are cited.

📝 Question 36: a contrast between shrinking revenue and increasing population

🔹 Correct Answer: G
📍 Location in Passage: Section G. "Though gold mining continued throughout the 1850s, it had reached its peak by 1852, when gold worth some $81 million was pulled from the ground. After that year, the total take declined gradually... Settlement in California continued, however, and by the end of the decade the state’s population was 380,000."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text contrasts the declining total take/revenue ("total take declined gradually") with the continuing settlement/increasing population ("population was 380,000").
⚠️ Potential Traps: F discusses dropping miner pay, but G discusses the dropping total revenue and the state population.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for the word "however" which often introduces a direct contrast between two trends.

Gold Mining Summary (Questions 37-40 - Summary Completion)

📝 Question 37: The most basic method used by many miners began with digging some gravel out of a river and hoping it might contain gold.

🔹 Correct Answer: gravel
📍 Location in Passage: Section D. "The basic procedure was to place some gold-bearing material, such as river gravel, into a shallow pan..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The material placed in the pan was "river gravel."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'material' (too vague) or 'pan'. The substance dug is gravel.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the raw material used in the process.

📝 Question 38: ...Gold dust, which weighed more, remained in the pan or, if the miners were very lucky, there might even be some nuggets too.

🔹 Correct Answer: nuggets
📍 Location in Passage: Section D. "...the heavier gold nuggets or gold dust would settle to the bottom of the pan."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The heavier pieces of gold settling at the bottom are the gold dust and gold "nuggets."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'dust' (already mentioned). The other term is nuggets.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Find the alternative form of gold listed in the text.

📝 Question 39: Larger stones stuck in the sieve, while gold dropped to the bottom.

🔹 Correct Answer: sieve
📍 Location in Passage: Section E. "The big rocks were caught in a sieve at the top, the waste exited the lower..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The device that caught the larger stones/rocks was a "sieve."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'rocker' (the machine itself) or 'top' (the location). The specific component is the sieve.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Identify the specific component of the machine performing the filtering action.

📝 Question 40: However, a process was introduced involving mercury to ensure no gold was washed out in the water.

🔹 Correct Answer: mercury
📍 Location in Passage: Section E. "Some miners added small amounts of mercury to the bottom of the rocker... Due to its chemical composition, it had a facility to trap fine gold."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The substance added to trap the fine gold (to ensure it wasn't washed out) was "mercury."
⚠️ Potential Traps: Using 'gold' or 'flour'. The substance introduced is mercury.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The correct word identifies the chemical substance used in the process.