تحلیل لیسنینگ آیلتس آکادمیک و جنرال کمبریج 20 - تست 4: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

📝 Question 1: Hotel on George Street: 1 .......

🔹 Correct Answer: Kings

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Yes, I do actually. I always recommend people stay at the Kings Hotel. ... It's actually on George Street."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker recommends the **Kings Hotel** on George Street. The answer is the **proper noun**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Missing the hotel name and focusing on "**George Street**" (already given).

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer often immediately follows the mention of a key piece of surrounding information. Be ready to capture a **proper noun** (like a name).

📝 Question 2: cost of family room per night: 2 £ ....... (approx.)

🔹 Correct Answer: 125

📍 Location in Audio Script: "If you book a family room, it's about £125 per night. My brother paid for two double rooms in the end, and I think that was around £95 for each room."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks specifically for the cost of a **family room**. The speaker states, "**£125** per night."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The number "**95**" is a distractor, referring to a different type of room (**double room**).

⭐ Key Learning Point: In questions involving **numbers or prices**, listen carefully to ensure the number corresponds to the **specific item or category** mentioned in the question.

📝 Question 3: a 3 ....... tour of the city centre (starts in Carlton Square)

🔹 Correct Answer: walking

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Those bus tours are quite expensive. I think it's better to do a walking tour. It gives you a much better feel for the city. There's one that starts from Carlton Square."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The woman rejects the **bus** tour and suggests a **walking** tour. The answer is based on the final recommendation.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "**bus**" is mentioned first and is a key distractor. Listen for words like "**better**" or "**instead**."

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to words indicating **preference** or **correction** (e.g., better, instead, no, actually). These words often signal that a distractor has been introduced.

📝 Question 4: a trip by 4 ....... to the old fort

🔹 Correct Answer: boat

📍 Location in Audio Script: "If the weather's nice, one thing you could do is visit the old fort. You could get there by boat. The whole trip takes half a day."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for the **mode of transport** to the old fort. The speaker states, "You could get there by **boat**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The context clue "**by**" strongly suggests a vehicle or mode of transport.

⭐ Key Learning Point: For 'trip by...' or 'travel by...' questions, the required word is almost always a **mode of transport** (e.g., bus, train, **boat**, car).

📝 Question 5: best day to visit: 5 .......

🔹 Correct Answer: Tuesday

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Yeah, don't forget it's closed on Mondays. They're here from Saturday for 4 nights, so Tuesday would be best I think."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio establishes constraints (closed Mondays, only available until Tuesday). **Tuesday** is the only available and confirmed best day.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions **Monday** (closed) and **Saturday** (too crowded - implied). The candidate must use a logical deduction to arrive at **Tuesday**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer may require a simple **inference or logical deduction** based on multiple pieces of information given (e.g., open days + itinerary days = **best day**).

📝 Question 6: see the exhibition about 6 ....... which opens soon

🔹 Correct Answer: space

📍 Location in Audio Script: "The exhibition on old computers has finished... There's another one starting soon on space, which looks really good too."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for the topic of the exhibition that is **opening soon**. The answer is "**space**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The topic of the finished exhibition, "**old computers**," is a very strong distractor. Focus on the exhibition that is "**starting soon**."

⭐ Key Learning Point: Note the precise **tense** of the surrounding context (e.g., **opens soon** $\rightarrow$ future/current). An item that has concluded is a distractor.

📝 Question 7: good for 7 ....... food

🔹 Correct Answer: vegetarian

📍 Location in Audio Script: "My cousin's vegetarian, I know it's one of the best places for that kind of food."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is the type of food the man's cousin eats, which defines the "**kind of food**" available: **vegetarian**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The answer must be the **adjective** describing the food, not the location or a generic noun.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer to "good for X food" is an **adjective** describing the food (e.g., Italian, healthy, or in this case, **vegetarian**).

📝 Question 8: need to have lunch before 8 ....... p.m.

🔹 Correct Answer: 2:30

📍 Location in Audio Script: "You need to get there quite early though, at the weekend most of the stalls stop serving lunch at 2:30."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for the **time limit** for lunch. The woman provides this directly: "**2:30**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: None. The candidate must capture the time accurately as a **number/time notation** (e.g., $2:30$ or $2.30$).

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be prepared to write down **times as numbers**, not words (e.g., $2:30$, not two thirty), as this is standard for gap-fill questions requiring a number.

📝 Question 9: save up to 9 ....... % on ticket prices at bargaintickets.com

🔹 Correct Answer: 75

📍 Location in Audio Script: "On some seats, there's a 75% discount."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for the maximum percentage saving. The speaker directly states the percentage discount: "**75**%."

⚠️ Potential Traps: None, this is a very direct numerical answer. The candidate must simply be ready to write the **number** down.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be ready for high **numbers and percentages**, which are often signposted by the mention of a website or a discount/sale context.

📝 Question 10: climb Telegraph Hill to see a view of the 10 .......

🔹 Correct Answer: port

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And if you're in Blakewell Gardens - climb Telegraph Hill - you'll be able to look right down on the port. Everyone's always really impressed because it's so huge."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks what specific object/place you can see from the top of Telegraph Hill. The speaker explicitly says you'll be able to look right down on the **port**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The key is the thing being viewed: the **port**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Context is key. "To see a view of the..." will be followed by a **noun for a landmark** or large object.

MAN: Hey Sandra, I heard your brother and his family are coming to visit. Are you going to recommend anywhere for them to stay?

WOMAN (SANDRA): Yes, I do actually. I always recommend people stay at the 📍Q1 Kings Hotel. It's actually on George Street. It's not too far from Murray station either.

MAN: That sounds perfect. How much is it there?

WOMAN: If you book a family room, it's about 📍Q2 £125 per night. My brother paid for two double rooms in the end, and I think that was around £95 for each room.

MAN: Okay, that's good to know. And what about activities? Are there any city tours you'd recommend?

WOMAN: Those bus tours are quite expensive. I think it's better to do a 📍Q3 walking tour. It gives you a much better feel for the city. There's one that starts from Carlton Square.

MAN: I'll make a note of that. And they like history too. Is the old fort worth a trip?

WOMAN: If the weather's nice, one thing you could do is visit the old fort. You could get there by 📍Q4 boat. The whole trip takes half a day.

MAN: Perfect. They have three nights in the city, Saturday, Sunday, and Monday. Any advice on the Science Museum?

WOMAN: Yeah, don't forget it's closed on Mondays. They're here from Saturday for 4 nights, so 📍Q5 Tuesday would be best I think.

MAN: Thanks for the tip. Are there any new exhibitions there?

WOMAN: The exhibition on old computers has finished, which is a shame, but there's another one starting soon on 📍Q6 space, which looks really good too.

MAN: Great. What about food? Do you have any recommendations for a lunch spot?

WOMAN: Well, I really like all the food stalls at Clacton Market... My cousin's 📍Q7 vegetarian, I know it's one of the best places for that kind of food.

MAN: Sounds good. What time does it close?

WOMAN: You need to get there quite early though, at the weekend most of the stalls stop serving lunch at 📍Q8 2:30.

MAN: Okay. I know they want to catch a film at the cinema too. Anything I should know about ticket prices?

WOMAN: Yes, go to bargaintickets.com. On some seats, there's a 📍Q9 75% discount.

MAN: Wow, good saving. Anything else to tell them?

WOMAN: And if you're in Blakewell Gardens - climb Telegraph Hill - you'll be able to look right down on the 📍Q10 port. Everyone's always really impressed because it's so huge.

MAN: Fantastic. Thanks for all your advice, Sandra.

📝 Questions 11 and 12: Which TWO things does the speaker say about visiting the football stadium with children?

🔹 Correct Answer: B (There is a competition for children today), C (Parents must stay with their children at all times.)

📍 Location in Audio Script (C): "Please don't let your children wander off on their own, even for a minute. (Parents must stay with their children at all times.) We don't want any accidents or anyone getting frightened."

📍 Location in Audio Script (B): "...in the cafe, children are invited to do a football themed drawing. We'll pick the best one at the end of the afternoon..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: **C** is confirmed by the warning not to let children **wander off**, and **B** is confirmed by the **drawing competition** with a prize.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **E** (Special offer on meals) is an implied recommendation, but **B** and **C** are the clearest, most direct fits.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In "Choose TWO" questions, be ready for **paraphrasing**. A warning not to wander off = **parents must stay with children**. A drawing with a prize = **a competition**.

📝 Questions 13 and 14: Which TWO features of the stadium tour are new this year?

🔹 Correct Answer: A (a VIP tour of the stadium), C (an audio guide for self-guided tours)

📍 Location in Audio Script (C): "We've only just introduced this feature... [self-guided headphones/pre-recorded information]."

📍 Location in Audio Script (A): "If you plan to return another time, you might like to book one of our VIP tours. We've only just started offering these."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The new elements are explicitly confirmed by the speaker's language: **C** (audio guide/headphones) - "**We've only just introduced this feature**" and **A** (VIP tour) - "**We've only just started offering these**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: **B** (cinema experience) is mentioned as "**very popular over the years**" (old). **E** (tours in other languages) is something they are thinking of offering "**in the future**" (not yet introduced).

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for **time-qualifying phrases** (signposting language) such as "**only just introduced**" or "**just started offering**" to signal **new features**.

📝 Question 15: 1870

🔹 Correct Answer: D (the introduction of goalkeepers)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "For example, 1870 was also the year that football teams started to include a player whose role it was to guard the goal."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The description of a player whose role was "**to guard the goal**" is a clear paraphrase of a **goalkeeper**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Anticipate **paraphrasing** in matching questions. The definition of a role or object is often given instead of its modern name.

📝 Question 16: 1874

🔹 Correct Answer: F (two changes to the rules of the game)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and the following year, in 1874, referees were allowed to send players off if they committed certain offenses, and also in that year, teams started having to swap ends at half-time."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker mentions **two distinct rule changes** (sending off, AND swapping ends). This matches the option **F**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Sometimes, one option is a **summary of multiple events** mentioned for a single year (e.g., two changes). Be thorough in checking if all events match a single option.

📝 Question 17: 1875

🔹 Correct Answer: B (a change to the design of the goal)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "In 1875, that tape was replaced with the solid crossbar that we're familiar with today."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Replacing the tape with a solid crossbar is a direct **change to the goal's design**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus only on the event **immediately preceded by the year** in question, ignoring general historical context.

📝 Question 18: 1877

🔹 Correct Answer: H (an agreement on the length of a game)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and the history books tell us that in the same year [1877], all the clubs decided to set a limit of 90 minutes for each match."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Setting a limit of 90 minutes for each match is an **agreement on the length of a game**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be selective—only match the information for which there is a **corresponding option** in the box.

📝 Question 19: 1878

🔹 Correct Answer: C (the first use of lights for matches)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "In addition, referees started using whistles. And electric lamps were installed on certain pitches. This was a significant change, as games could then be played in the evenings all year round."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The installation of **electric lamps** is synonymous with the **first use of lights for matches**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Multiple events can occur in a year. The test requires you to find the event that is listed as an option.

📝 Question 20: 1880

🔹 Correct Answer: G (the introduction of fee for spectators)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "In 1880, clubs began to charge fans for admission to games..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: To "**charge fans for admission**" is exactly the same as introducing a **fee for spectators**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The ability to quickly identify **synonyms** (charge for admission = **fee for spectators**) is vital for matching tasks.

Good morning, everyone, and welcome to our world-famous football stadium. Before we start the tour, I just have a few things to say. Firstly, about safety. Please don't let your children wander off on their own, even for a minute. 📍Q11&Q12 We don't want any accidents or anyone getting frightened. Also, please note that it's a very hot and sunny day, so if you didn't bring a sunhat, you can get one at the main shop. You can get food and drink at the cafe, which is near the entrance. I really recommend the healthy lunch boxes for children. Also in the cafe, children are invited to do a football themed drawing. 📍Q11&Q12 We'll pick the best one at the end of the afternoon, so don't forget to put your name and contact details on the back. That way, if you've left the stadium before then, we'll send your prize.

Now, about the tour itself. I should say if you'd prefer your visit to be self-guided, please collect headphones from the reception, and then you can listen to the pre-recorded information at your own speed. 📍Q13&Q14 We've only just introduced this feature. If you've been here before, you'll remember the popular 360-degree cinema experience, which has been very popular over the years, and we'll keep that for now. Also, if you plan to return another time, you might like to book one of our VIP tours. 📍Q13&Q14 We've only just started offering these. We are also thinking of offering tours in other languages in the future, but we're not quite ready for that yet.

And now, a bit of history. When the sport first started, football players were mostly students, and the rules of the game were very different from today. For example, 📍Q15 1870 was also the year that football teams started to include a player whose role it was to guard the goal. And the following year, in 📍Q16 1874, referees were allowed to send players off if they committed certain offenses, and also in that year, teams started having to swap ends at half-time. In 📍Q17 1875, that tape was replaced with the solid crossbar that we're familiar with today. Teams started founding further new clubs, and the history books tell us that in the same year [📍Q18 1877], all the clubs decided to set a limit of 90 minutes for each match. In 📍Q19 1878, in addition, referees started using whistles. And electric lamps were installed on certain pitches. This was a significant change, as games could then be played in the evenings all year round. In 📍Q20 1880, clubs began to charge fans for admission to games, even though the players were still considered amateurs. Right, let's start the tour, if you'd all like to follow me...

📝 Questions 21 and 22: Which TWO benefits of learning to write by hand are mentioned?

🔹 Correct Answer: C (improved concentration), E (improved spatial awareness)

📍 Location in Audio Script (C): "Ha, what's less obvious is how it helps develop their concentration. They have to sit still and focus on one thing."

📍 Location in Audio Script (E): "But good spatial awareness is essential for writing, because you have to space words correctly."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The benefits confirmed are **C** and **E**, which are explicitly mentioned as less obvious/essential aspects of writing development.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **A** (fine motor skills) is mentioned as a common assumption, and **D** (imagination) is quickly dismissed/doubted. Focus on the benefits that are **confirmed**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The key benefit is often the one that is discussed in **detail** or confirmed by one of the speakers as being something they hadn't realized before.

📝 Questions 23 and 24: For children with dyspraxia, which TWO problems with handwriting do the students think are easiest to correct?

🔹 Correct Answer: A (not spacing letters correctly), C (applying too much pressure when writing)

📍 Location in Audio Script (C): "I like the idea of using one of those pens that lights up if you press too hard. [This is a] really simple solution."

📍 Location in Audio Script (A): "One quite simple thing you can do is to use grid paper. So they write each letter in a box, and that trains them to space the letters correctly."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The easiest corrections are signaled by "**simple solution**" (**C**) and "**quite simple thing**" (**A**).

⚠️ Potential Traps: **E** (writing slowly) is dismissed as being difficult to correct. **D** (confusing letter shapes) requires "**so much more support**" (harder).

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for language indicating **simplicity** or **difficulty** (e.g., "**simple solution**" $\rightarrow$ easy to correct) to identify the correct options.

📝 Question 25: What does the woman say about using laptops to teach writing to children with dyslexia?

🔹 Correct Answer: C (Children react more positively if they make a mistake.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Yeah, it's not as frustrating for them if they get things wrong on a keyboard, they can be more willing to have a go, but I read that developing fluency isn't any faster."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The woman says it's "**not as frustrating**" on a keyboard, meaning they react **more positively** (less negatively) to mistakes (**C**).

⚠️ Potential Traps: **B** (fluent quickly) is contradicted ("...developing fluency **isn't any faster**").

⭐ Key Learning Point: The correct option will be a clear **paraphrase** of a statement, while the distractors will often be **directly contradicted** by the audio script.

📝 Question 26: When discussing whether to teach cursive or print writing, the woman thinks that

🔹 Correct Answer: A (cursive writing disadvantages a certain group of children.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...it's been proved that cursive is more difficult to learn, especially for children with learning difficulties who find joining up letters really challenging."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The woman concludes that cursive is **more difficult**, especially for children with learning difficulties, meaning it puts them at a **disadvantage** (**A**).

⚠️ Potential Traps: The answer focuses on the **disadvantage** to some students, which is the reason for the modern debate.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer often focuses on the **concluding point** or the reason for a change in attitude.

📝 Question 27: According to the students, what impact does poor handwriting have on exam performance?

🔹 Correct Answer: A (There is evidence to suggest grades are affected by poor handwriting.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "WOMAN: ...marks are definitely affected if examiners can't read the script."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The woman confirms that research shows that "**marks are definitely affected**" if examiners can't read the script. This directly supports **A**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **B** (less important now) is contradicted by the audio (it is still very important).

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for **strong, confirming language** ("**definitely affected**") to identify the core belief/conclusion about the subject.

📝 Question 28: What prediction does the man make about the future of handwriting?

🔹 Correct Answer: B (Children will continue to learn to write by hand.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "MAN: I can't see that changing much... Teachers understand the value of handwriting. It's a basic life skill."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The man says, "**I can't see that changing much**" and calls it a "**basic life skill**." This means he predicts it will **continue to be taught** (**B**).

⚠️ Potential Traps: **A** (Touch typing first) is what the man *wishes* would happen, not what he **predicts** will happen.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be careful to distinguish between what the speaker **wishes** would happen and what they **predict** will actually happen.

📝 Question 29: The woman is concerned that relying on digital devices has made it difficult for her to

🔹 Correct Answer: B (spell and punctuate.)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "WOMAN: ...But my mom is shocked by my awful spelling and the fact that my punctuation is really inconsistent."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The woman mentions her mother's shock at her poor **spelling and inconsistent punctuation**. This directly matches **B**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: **A** (take detailed notes) is the man's suggestion, which she corrects by talking about **spelling and punctuation**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The correct answer is the point the speaker **actually makes**, not the suggestion of the other person.

📝 Question 30: How do the students feel about their own handwriting?

🔹 Correct Answer: C (regretful that they have lost the habit)

📍 Location in Audio Script: "MAN: Personally, I miss writing by hand. I hardly ever write anything now... It's a shame. WOMAN: I know, I feel the same way."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The shared feeling is one of loss and **regret** over no longer practicing the skill (**C**), confirmed by "**miss**" and "**shame**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: Their final feeling is **regret** for having lost the habit, not previous embarrassment (B).

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer is often revealed in the final **emotional language** or summary words (e.g., "**miss**," "**shame**," "**I feel the same way**").

MAN: Okay, so for the presentation, we need to talk about the benefits of handwriting, not just the disadvantages.

WOMAN: Right. I always assumed it was mainly about improving fine motor skills, but the research shows there's more to it.

MAN: I know. Ha, what's less obvious is how it helps develop their 📍Q21&Q22 concentration. They have to sit still and focus on one thing.

WOMAN: True. And I always thought good spatial awareness was essential for writing, because you have to space words correctly. 📍Q21&Q22

MAN: Yeah. There was also that bit about memory... I'm not sure I understand how it improves their imagination though. Anyway, what about correcting problems with handwriting, especially for children with dyspraxia?

WOMAN: I like the idea of using one of those pens that lights up if you press too hard. [This is a] really 📍Q23&Q24 simple solution for **too much pressure**.

MAN: Good idea. One quite simple thing you can do is to use grid paper. So they write each letter in a box, and that trains them to 📍Q23&Q24 space the letters correctly.

WOMAN: I like that. I'm not sure there's much you can do about children with dyspraxia writing very slowly. It's also more important to correct spacing than trying to get them to write in a straight line, I think. Correcting confusing letter shapes needs so much more support.

MAN: Okay. What about using laptops for teaching writing to children with dyslexia?

WOMAN: Yeah, it's 📍Q25 not as frustrating for them if they get things wrong on a keyboard, they can be more willing to have a go, but I read that developing fluency isn't any faster.

MAN: Hmm. What about the debate on teaching **cursive** (joined-up) or **print** writing?

WOMAN: Well, it's been proved that cursive is more difficult to learn, especially for 📍Q26 children with learning difficulties who find joining up letters really challenging.

MAN: I was always worried that my poor handwriting affected my exam results, and now research shows that I was right to worry.

WOMAN: I know! marks are 📍Q27 definitely affected if examiners can't read the script.

MAN: Do you think the role of handwriting will change much in the future?

WOMAN: I think it's a shame that touch typing isn't taught to younger children first, but I can't see that 📍Q28 changing much... Teachers understand the value of handwriting. It's a basic life skill.

MAN: Do you find that not writing by hand affects your note-taking?

WOMAN: I wish I could take detailed notes. But my mom is shocked by my 📍Q29 awful spelling and the fact that my punctuation is really inconsistent. She says it's because I rely on autocorrect. And I can still read old documents, there are lots of apps for that anyway.

MAN: Personally, I 📍Q30 miss writing by hand. I hardly ever write anything now... It's a shame.

WOMAN: I know, I feel the same way. I used to write a diary by hand. And now I do that digitally. It just seems less effort to do it that way. hmm So it's not just a problem.

📝 Question 31: They destroy 31 ....... and other rodents.

🔹 Correct Answer: rats

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents such as rats, which would consume the crops as they grow..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The notes need an **example** of a rodent. The speaker provides "**rats**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "**rodents**" is also mentioned but is already in the notes.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In gap-fill lists using "**such as**" or "**other**," the answer will be a **specific example** from the category.

📝 Question 32: They help to prevent farmers from being bitten by 32 .......

🔹 Correct Answer: snakes

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...a major danger to rural workers is snakes, whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal. And birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states this danger is "**snakes**," whose bite is dangerous. The birds help control the **snakes** population.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "**bite**" is used to describe the danger, but the answer must be the animal that bites.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Use the surrounding words in the note (e.g., "**bitten by**") as a guide to the category of the missing word (an animal).

📝 Question 33: They now support the economy by encouraging 33 ....... in the area.

🔹 Correct Answer: tourism

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...the sanctuary and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms, because at present, after a relatively slow start. Tourism has become an important source of revenue for them."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks how the birds support the economy (source of revenue). The answer is given directly as **Tourism**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "**economy**" or "**revenue**" is related but not the answer. The answer is the **activity** that generates the revenue.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The answer to "**encouraging**..." or "**source of**..." is often an activity, business, or **industry**.

📝 Question 34: by 34 ....... when they are hunting or sleeping

🔹 Correct Answer: traffic

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Fatalities occur when birds alight on roads to catch and eat their prey, and are hit by fast-moving traffic."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks what kills the birds accidentally on the roads. The audio states they are hit by fast-moving **traffic**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The term "**fast-moving**" is an adjective and not the required noun.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be selective—only extract the **noun** that fulfills the grammatical function of the gap (e.g., **traffic**, cars, lorries).

📝 Question 35: by electrocution from contact with power lines, especially at times when there is a lot of 35 .......

🔹 Correct Answer: rain

📍 Location in Audio Script: "This is a particular danger in the heavy rain which can occur in the region in the months from December to April."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks what **environmental condition** increases the danger of electrocution. The answer is **rain**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "**heavy**" is an adjective. The answer is the **noun** that describes the weather condition: **rain**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The phrase "**a lot of**..." in the note is a paraphrase of the audio's adjective "**heavy**." The answer is the **noun** that follows.

📝 Question 36: Local farmers may illegally shoot them or 36 ....... them.

🔹 Correct Answer: poison

📍 Location in Audio Script: "And so farmers may shoot these birds, which is illegal but understandable, or they may poison the birds, which again is illegal..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question lists two illegal actions: shooting or **X**. The missing word must be the **verb form poison** to fit the structure of the list with "**shoot**."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio uses the phrase "**poison the birds**," but the gap requires the **verb form poison**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Ensure the word you extract fits the **grammatical context** of the note (shoot them or **poison** them).

📝 Question 37: providing a 37 ....... for chickens (expensive)

🔹 Correct Answer: building

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Another possibility would be to prevent the chickens from going outside at all, and to keep them safe from predators inside a building."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The expensive solution is to keep the chickens inside a **building** for safety. The context (**expensive**) helps confirm this.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The key is the noun **building**. The context in brackets (**expensive**) helps confirm the right point.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The context in brackets (expensive) helps confirm you have found the **correct point** in the audio.

📝 Question 38: keeping a 38 .......

🔹 Correct Answer: dog

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Most of the farmers had at least one dog, and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks about ways of frightening the birds. The audio states that keeping a **dog** was a big help.

⚠️ Potential Traps: None, this is a very direct single-word noun answer.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In a list of methods/examples, the information will be presented sequentially, making the answer a quick capture of the noun.

📝 Question 39: making a 39 ....... – e.g. with metal objects

🔹 Correct Answer: noise

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...to hit pans with a metal spoon, so that the resulting noise would succeed in driving away birds..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for the thing being made. The action (hitting pans with metal objects) creates a **noise**.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The example "**metal objects**" is given in the notes. The required noun is **noise**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The "**e.g.**" in the notes means the answer is the **category** of the example given.

📝 Question 40: A 40 ....... of methods is usually most effective.

🔹 Correct Answer: combination

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...the village people told us that rather than just using one method. They were forced to use a combination for them to have any effect."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker concludes that using just one method is ineffective and that the farmers are forced to use a **combination** of methods.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The word "**method**" is in the notes. The required noun is **combination**.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The **conclusion or summary statement** at the end of a long list or section is a prime target for a gap-fill answer.

Good morning. I'm Mark Johnson, and today I'll be presenting some of the research that my team and I have been doing in the area around the Chembe Bird Sanctuary. First, I'd like to tell you about the benefits that birds of prey bring to the community. These birds are natural pest controllers. For example, a lot of damage can be caused to farmers' crops by rodents such as 📍Q31 rats, which would consume the crops as they grow... They also help to prevent farmers from being bitten by 📍Q32 snakes, whose bite may be dangerous or even fatal. And birds of prey have a major role in keeping their populations under control. The sanctuary and its birds have also become increasingly important to the community in economic terms, because at present, after a relatively slow start. 📍Q33 Tourism has become an important source of revenue for them.

However, despite these benefits, there are several ways in which the local birds of prey are currently under threat. Fatalities occur when birds alight on roads to catch and eat their prey, and are hit by fast-moving 📍Q34 traffic. Another form of accidental death is electrocution from contact with power lines. This is a particular danger in the heavy 📍Q35 rain which can occur in the region in the months from December to April. Local farmers may illegally shoot them or 📍Q36 poison the birds, which again is illegal...

So, we looked at ways of protecting the birds while minimizing the costs for the local farmers. One suggestion was to prevent the chickens from going outside at all, and to keep them safe from predators inside a 📍Q37 building. [This is expensive.] Most of the farmers had at least one 📍Q38 dog, and said this was a big help at scaring away the predators. We also had the idea of giving them tools to hit pans with a metal spoon, so that the resulting 📍Q39 noise would succeed in driving away birds... The village people told us that rather than just using one method. They were forced to use a 📍Q40 combination for them to have any effect.

Thank you for listening, and I'd be happy to take any questions now.