تحلیل لیسنینگ آیلتس آکادمیک و جنرال کمبریج 20 - تست 2: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

📝 Question 1: This can give the carer: • time for other responsibilities • a (1)
🔹 Correct Answer: break
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and also that they sometimes need a break."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker lists the second benefit immediately using the word "also," which directly signals the second point in the list: "need a break."
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate may miss the word "break" if they are only listening for a synonym of "time." However, the **parallel structure** of the bullet points helps to locate the second benefit.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In list completion, listen for **parallel structures** and signposting language (like "also," "and one other thing," etc.) to identify multiple items in a sequence.

📝 Question 2: how much (2) the caring involves
🔹 Correct Answer: time
📍 Location in Audio Script: "So for a start, they'd want to know the amount of time you spend looking after your mother every day."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question phrase "how much... the caring involves" is a paraphrase of the audio's "the amount of **time** you spend looking after your mother every day." The missing word is the specific quantity being measured, which is **time**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question uses "how much," which often precedes non-countable nouns like "time." Missing the word "amount" in the audio script might confuse the listener, but **"amount of time"** directly answers "how much."
⭐ Key Learning Point: Be ready for **paraphrasing** in the questions. "How much [noun]" in the question often corresponds to "the amount of [noun]" in the audio script.

📝 Question 3: helping her have a (3)
🔹 Correct Answer: shower
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Right, I help her with that, and also I help her get into the shower in the morning."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The carer in the script confirms this by saying she helps her "get into the **shower**." Since "have a" is used in the question, the noun **shower** completes the phrase.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might focus on the full phrase "get into the shower" and write too many words. The **ONE WORD** instruction means **shower** is the best fit.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to pre-listening grammar (e.g., **'a'** before the gap suggests a singular countable noun) and extract the single most relevant word from the surrounding phrase in the audio.

📝 Question 4: dealing with (4)
🔹 Correct Answer: money
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and whether she can cope using money."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks about tasks, specifically "dealing with..." The speaker mentions "whether she can cope using **money**," and Carol confirms this is a problem. "Dealing with **money**" is a logical paraphrase for "coping using money" in the context of elderly care.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The question and the answer are separated by a bit of dialogue. The candidate must connect "whether she can cope using money" with the required noun to fill the **"dealing with..."** gap.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Not all answers are direct word-for-word matches. Sometimes you need to **infer the noun** from a related verb phrase in the script (e.g., "coping using" implies "dealing with").

📝 Question 5: loss of (5)
🔹 Correct Answer: memory
📍 Location in Audio Script: "So recently, I've noticed she started to have quite bad problems with her memory."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question is looking for a difficult aspect of caring, phrased as "loss of..." The carer mentions her mother is having "quite bad problems with her **memory**." "Loss of **memory**" is a direct and common way to describe "problems with her memory," making **memory** the correct fit.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The student might write "problems" or "bad problems," but the context and the preceding **"loss of"** make **memory** the only fit.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for **synonyms and descriptions** that lead to the correct noun. "Problems with her memory" is a description of the condition known as "loss of **memory**."

📝 Question 6: (6) her
🔹 Correct Answer: lifting
📍 Location in Audio Script: "And are there any physical difficulties you have caring for her? Lifting her for example?"
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for a difficult physical aspect of caring. The speaker directly asks, "**Lifting** her for example?" The word **lifting** fits the **grammatical structure** of the question perfectly.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might be tempted to write "heavy" or "hurting my back," which are mentioned as consequences. **Lifting** is the action causing the difficulty.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Use the **grammatical cues** in the question to narrow down the possibilities. The word required here is a verb form (**gerund**) to match the surrounding context.

📝 Question 7: preventing a (7)
🔹 Correct Answer: fall
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and also about how to avoid the possibility of your mom having a fall."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks about preventing a specific danger. The speaker offers advice on "how to avoid the possibility of your mom having a **fall**." The phrase is a close paraphrase of "preventing a **fall**."
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might be listening for a word associated with physical injury. **Fall** is the specific event to be prevented, not the injury itself.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In the context of advice or prevention, the answer often **names the undesirable event** that must be avoided.

📝 Question 8: transport costs, e.g. cost of a (8)
🔹 Correct Answer: taxi
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...like if you have to get a taxi to take your mother for an appointment for example."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The question asks for an example of a transport cost. The speaker gives the example: "if you have to get a **taxi**..." The word **taxi** directly answers the question as the example of transport.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None significant here. This is a very **direct answer** that immediately follows the mention of transport costs.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Signposting words like "**for example**," "like," or "such as" directly precede or follow the specific details needed to fill the gap.

📝 Question 9: car-related costs, e.g. fuel and (9)
🔹 Correct Answer: insurance
📍 Location in Audio Script: "You could, and you can claim for the insurance too."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Carol asks if she can claim for petrol (fuel). Tom then adds the second item in the list of car-related costs: "and you can claim for the **insurance** too." The word **insurance** completes the list of two costs.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate must wait until the second person (**Tom**) speaks, as Carol only mentions petrol. The word **"too"** is a strong clue that a second item is being added.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In dialogues, be aware that the answer might be provided by the person giving the advice, and listen for connecting words like **"too"** to signal a second item.

📝 Question 10: help to reduce (10)
🔹 Correct Answer: stress
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...because they may be able to give you some advice on how to minimize it [the stress]."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Tom advises Carol to tell the council about her **stress**, saying they can help her **"minimize"** it. **"Minimize"** is a synonym for **"reduce."** The pronoun "it" refers back to the word **stress** mentioned just before.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate must correctly identify the noun that the pronoun **"it"** is referring to, which is **stress**. Without this link, the answer is lost.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay close attention to **pronoun references** (it, them, he, she, etc.). Often, the answer is a noun that was mentioned just a moment before, and the script uses a pronoun to refer back to it.

📝 Question 11: walking around the town centre
🔹 Correct Answer: D (giving advice to visitors)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Tourists often ask how to get to a particular shop, and they might also be grateful for **recommendations about what to visit**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The volunteers' function is to answer questions and give **suggestions** ("recommendations about what to visit"), which is precisely **giving advice**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The description of "wearing our volunteer T-shirt" might suggest publicity, but the **actual function described** is advice-giving.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the **function or outcome** of the activity described in the audio, not just the activity itself.

📝 Question 12: helping at concerts
🔹 Correct Answer: **I** (helping people find their seats)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...part of the volunteers' role is to **get everyone in the audience to the right place** as smoothly as possible."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The volunteer's role is to **guide people to the correct location**, ensuring they get to the right section. This is a clear match for **helping people find their seats**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The mention of "tickets" might distract the candidate to option F (selling tickets), but the volunteer's role is to help people with **seating**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Be careful with **distractor words** that relate to the general context (e.g., "tickets" for "concerts") but do not describe the volunteer's **specific task**.

📝 Question 13: getting involved with community groups
🔹 Correct Answer: **H** (encouraging cooperation between local organisations)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...the volunteers talk about how groups can help each other... For instance, a writing group... may not know that **another club has a coach they could travel in**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The example given is a volunteer **connecting** a writing group with another club's coach, which is equivalent to **encouraging cooperation** between local organisations.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The core role is the **mediation** between them, not the activities of the clubs themselves.
⭐ Key Learning Point: An answer often **summarizes a principle** demonstrated by a specific example in the audio.

📝 Question 14: helping with a magazine
🔹 Correct Answer: **E** (collecting feedback on events)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "We depend on volunteers though, to **find out what people think of events** they've attended, and any suggestions they have for the future. The volunteers then send a summary to the editors."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The volunteer task is to **gather information**—"find out what people think of events... and any suggestions"—and report this to the editors. This activity is a textbook definition of **collecting feedback on events**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions advertising and articles, but the volunteer's **specific role is gathering feedback** for the editors.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Differentiate **roles**. The task for the volunteers will be very specific, even if others have related roles (e.g., editors, advertising) for the same item.

📝 Question 15: participating at lunches for retired people
🔹 Correct Answer: **A** (providing entertainment)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...some volunteers **put on a show**, usually around half an hour of songs and short plays."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The volunteers are described as entertaining the guests by **putting on a show** of "songs and short plays." This is a clear match for **providing entertainment**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The volunteers also "welcome the guests" and "chat," but the **"songs and short plays"** is the most unique and primary role described in the context of the choices.
⭐ Key Learning Point: When multiple activities are described, select the one that best captures the **most significant or unique contribution** of the volunteer.

📝 Question 16: helping with the website
🔹 Correct Answer: **B** (providing publicity about a council service)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...volunteers are asked to help by **making sure residents know about it**... And we want as many people as possible to use it."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The goal is to **inform residents** about the council's website and encourage them to use it. This is essentially **publicizing** the council's online service.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The website "is updated every day," but the volunteers are **not the ones doing the updating**; they are the ones telling people about it.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Distinguish between **who does the work** (the council updates the site) and what the **volunteer's role** is (the volunteer promotes the site).

📝 Question 17: Which event requires the largest number of volunteers?
🔹 Correct Answer: **B** (the science festival)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "More [volunteers] are needed for the music festival... and **even more help is required for the science festival**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker compares the need in ascending order: Music Festival ("More") $\rightarrow$ **Science Festival** ("**even more** help is required"). This indicates the **science festival** requires the **largest number**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might be tricked by the length of the Music Festival (a whole week). The audio explicitly states the **number of venues** is the reason for the greater need for the Science Festival.
⭐ Key Learning Point: **Comparative language** (**more**, **even more**) is the key to multiple-choice questions asking about ranking or magnitude.

📝 Question 18: What is the most important requirement for volunteers at the festivals?
🔹 Correct Answer: **A** (interpersonal skills)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "What's **essential** though, is being able to **get on well with other people**, and also to deal with someone who's behaving badly."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The key word "**essential**" is a strong synonym for **"most important,"** making **interpersonal skills** (getting on well with others) the correct choice.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Both B (personal interest) and C (flexibility) are mentioned, but only A is described with the **extreme qualifier "essential."**
⭐ Key Learning Point: In multiple-choice questions asking for the 'most' or 'least' something, listen for **superlative language** or strong evaluative words like "**essential**" or "critical."

📝 Question 19: New volunteers will start working in the week beginning
🔹 Correct Answer: **B** (9 September)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...after a week's training starting on the 2nd. So we'll be timetabling you for duties the **following week** from the **9th onward**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The training starts on September 2nd. The **work** (timetabling for duties) starts the **"following week,"** which is explicitly stated as **"from the 9th onward."**
⚠️ Potential Traps: Option A (2 September) is the start of the **training**, not the start of the **work**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay close attention to **specific dates** and the **activity associated with each date**. The test-maker often lists multiple dates.

📝 Question 20: What is the next annual event for volunteers?
🔹 Correct Answer: **A** (a boat trip)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Our **forthcoming event** is a **trip along the canal**..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker lists past events (party, barbecue) and then uses the phrase **"Our forthcoming event is,"** which means the **next one**. The description is "a trip along the canal," which corresponds to **a boat trip**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: B (barbecue) and C (party) are mentioned as **past events**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for **temporal signposting** (e.g., "in recent years," "last year," "**forthcoming**") to distinguish between past, present, and future information.

📝 Question 21: Population
🔹 Correct Answer: **D** (It will be easy to find facts about this)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...lots of facts and statistics, maybe a bit boring. Yeah, but **quite straightforward to find** on the internet."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Colin states the information would be "quite **straightforward to find**," which is a direct match for **easy to find facts**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Rosie's comment about it being "boring" is a distracter. **Colin's follow-up** is the required opinion.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In academic discussions, the final opinion, especially the one that **justifies** or dismisses a topic, often contains the answer.

📝 Question 22: Health
🔹 Correct Answer: **G** (The information provided about this was interesting)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...that lecture on cholera... Yes, **fascinating**, wasn't it?"
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Colin responds with strong agreement to the lecture on health, calling it "**fascinating**." "**Fascinating**" is a strong synonym for **"interesting."**
⚠️ Potential Traps: None significant. The word **"fascinating"** is a clear match for option G.
⭐ Key Learning Point: **Emotional and evaluative adjectives** (e.g., fascinating, boring, difficult, easy) are often the direct key to matching questions in opinion-matching tasks.

📝 Question 23: Economies
🔹 Correct Answer: **B** (This may not be relevant to their course)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "I thought that had been **taken off the syllabus** for this year. ... I'm not sure, but it might be **best to avoid it**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The students' concern is that the topic might have been **removed from the syllabus**, and they agree it would be **best to avoid it**. This concern directly relates to the topic **not being relevant**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might be distracted by the initial description of "financial and commercial factors." The answer lies in the later discussion about its **course relevance**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: An opinion can be expressed as a **suggestion or a caution** based on a perceived risk (e.g., avoiding a topic because it might be irrelevant).

📝 Question 24: Culture
🔹 Correct Answer: **A** (The information given about this was too vague)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "I didn't get much out of that. It was **all so general**, and the lecturer didn't give any **useful examples**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Rosie complains that the information was **"all so general"** and lacked **"useful examples."** These criticisms combined mean the information was **not specific enough**, which is a perfect match for **vague**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might write down "general" as the opinion. However, the option **vague** is the single word that best **summarizes the complaint**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for an option that **synthesizes multiple criticisms** from the speaker. **"Vague"** is the best overall summary for "too general" and "no useful examples."

📝 Question 25: Poverty
🔹 Correct Answer: **E** (The facts about this may not be reliable)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...you have to be careful with some of the figures relating to poverty - they're sometimes deliberately **manipulated** [for political reasons]."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The warning is that poverty figures are sometimes **"deliberately manipulated."** This means the numbers **cannot be trusted** or relied upon, which is a strong match for **The facts about this may not be reliable**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might focus on the reason for the manipulation ("for political reasons") but the **consequence (unreliability)** is the key opinion.
⭐ Key Learning Point: **Cautions and warnings** in the audio often indicate concerns about **reliability or accuracy**, which directly links to the opinion options.

📝 Question 26: Rosie says that in her own city the main problem is
🔹 Correct Answer: **C** (unemployment)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...that's linked to another **more serious issue**, which is that a **lot of people don't have jobs**. That's getting worse and worse..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Rosie first mentions crime but then immediately links it to a **"more serious issue,"** which is that **"a lot of people don't have jobs."** This is a clear description of **unemployment**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Crime (A) is the initial problem, and housing (B) is mentioned as less serious. The candidate must identify the **"more serious issue"** to select the correct answer.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to **signposting of importance** (e.g., "main," "most," "more serious") as it signals the correct piece of information among a list of related ideas.

📝 Question 27: What recent additions to the outskirts of their cities are both students happy about?
🔹 Correct Answer: **A** (conference centres)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...the outskirts are ideal for buildings that need a lot of space, like for **conferences**. They've opened a couple of big ones [Colin]." (Rosie agrees implicitly by accepting the example.)
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Both students **dismiss retail centres** (C) due to negative consequences. **Conference centres** are the only new addition discussed in a **positive/neutral light** and agreed upon.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Retail centres (C) are mentioned first and agreed upon, but they are immediately linked to a **negative consequence**, making them an incorrect answer for a "happy about" question.
⭐ Key Learning Point: For **agreement questions**, check the **tone** of the discussion. If a topic is mentioned but immediately dismissed with a negative consequence, it's a distractor.

📝 Question 28: The students agree that developing disused industrial sites may
🔹 Correct Answer: **A** (have unexpected costs)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...the whole site has to be made safe. Hmm, that can't be cheap. And I bet it's often **not budgeted for** [Colin]."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Colin agrees that the cost of cleanup ("that can't be cheap") is often **"not budgeted for."** Unbudgeted costs are the very definition of **unexpected costs**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Colin mentions the architecture (C), but Rosie dismisses it ("Not really"). The focus is the **cost of cleaning up dangerous materials**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Look for explicit or implicit agreement (e.g., "You're right," "I bet") as well as **key vocabulary** that links to the options (e.g., "not budgeted for" $\rightarrow$ "unexpected costs").

📝 Question 29: The students will mention Masdar City as an example of an attempt to achieve
🔹 Correct Answer: **B** (sustainable energy use)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "That might be a good example of a city which set out to depend entirely on **renewable energy** [Rosie]... But **let's stick to talking about power sources** [Rosie]."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Rosie mentions the city was designed to depend entirely on **"renewable energy."** She then confirms this is the focus for their assignment by saying **"let's stick to talking about power sources"** (sustainable energy use).
⚠️ Potential Traps: They mention C (transport) and A (recycling), but Rosie's **final instruction** makes **B** the correct choice for the assignment.
⭐ Key Learning Point: The **final decision or agreed focus** of a discussion group is often the key to the answer, overriding earlier mentions of related, but discarded, ideas.

📝 Question 30: When discussing the ecotown of Greenhill Abbots, Colin is uncertain about
🔹 Correct Answer: **C** (how much of it has actually been built)
📍 Location in Audio Script: "I'm **not sure how far they've got with it**. um I'll check [Colin]."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Colin states, "I'm **not sure how far they've got with it**" and then says, "I'll check." **"How far they've got with it"** means how much of the building has been **completed**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: Colin mentions A (objectives) and B (opposition), but he expresses **certainty** about them. His **uncertainty** and promise to "check" are only reserved for the extent of its construction.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for **expressions of uncertainty** (e.g., "I'm not sure," "I don't know") followed by a suggestion to find the information (e.g., "I'll check"), as this pinpoints the specific area of doubt.

📝 Question 31: The growth in interest in food fashions started with (31) of food being shared on social media.
🔹 Correct Answer: **photos** / **photographs** / **pictures**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...since the birth of the smartphone when people first began taking **photos** of their food and instantly sharing them with their friends."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker explicitly links the start of the trend to the smartphone and people taking **"photos"** of their food. **Photos** is the correct noun to complete the sentence structure.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None significant. The answer is **highly direct**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In note completion, the answer is often found in a **defining statement** that introduces the topic's origin or cause.

📝 Question 32: Sales of (32) food brands have grown rapidly this way.
🔹 Correct Answer: **vegan**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Companies which sell **vegan** produce were pioneers in being able to increase sales really quickly in this way."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker states that companies which sell **"vegan produce"** were pioneers. **Vegan** is the single-word adjective that describes the food brands.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might be distracted by the mention of "free samples" or "large fees," but the question asks for the **type of brand**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In gap-fill questions, ensure the word you choose is the **correct part of speech** (here, an adjective) that modifies the surrounding words.

📝 Question 33: Famous (33) are influential.
🔹 Correct Answer: **chefs** / **cooks**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...and are particularly interested in what well known **chefs** are putting on their menus."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker says they are interested in what **"well known chefs"** are doing. "Well known **chefs**" is a close paraphrase of **"Famous (33),"** making **chefs** the correct answer.
⚠️ Potential Traps: "Supermarkets" and "social media" are the organizations and platforms doing the tracking, not the **influential people**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: **Paraphrasing is common** even in Section 4 notes. **"Famous"** is a synonym for **"well known,"** and the person in question is a **"chef."**

📝 Question 34: (34) were invited to visit growers in South Africa.
🔹 Correct Answer: **journalists** / **reporters**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "They paid for a group of **journalists** to travel out to South Africa to meet avocado farmers."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The sentence asks who was invited to visit the growers. The speaker names a **"group of journalists."**
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might be distracted by "PR company" or "British public," but the **journalists** are the group that was sent to South Africa.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Use the contextual clues ("visit growers in South Africa") to pinpoint the **specific group of people** involved in that part of the marketing campaign.

📝 Question 35: Advertising focused on its (35) benefits.
🔹 Correct Answer: **health**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Advertisements were designed to promote the avocado as a superfood, rich in nutrients, and therefore beneficial for **health**."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker states the avocado was promoted as being "beneficial for **health**" because it was rich in nutrients. The question asks for the **type of benefit**.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might write "nutrients," but the ad focused on the overall **health benefit** that the nutrients provided.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In adjective-noun phrases, ensure you select the **correct noun** that completes the phrase logically. **"Health benefits"** is the complete idea.

📝 Question 36: Promotion in the USA through (36) shops reduced the need for advertising.
🔹 Correct Answer: **coffee**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "...in favor of getting the product into **coffee** chains, which removed the need for a big advertising budget."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker says they got the product into **"coffee chains,"** which had the effect of reducing the need for advertising. **Coffee** is the descriptive noun for the type of shops/chains.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The candidate might miss the descriptive word **"coffee"** and focus on "chains" or "retail launch," but the key is the **specific type of shop** that was used.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Sometimes the key is a **descriptive noun** that acts as an adjective (e.g., "**coffee** chains").

📝 Question 37: It appealed to consumers who are concerned about the (37)
🔹 Correct Answer: **environment**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "Many consumers prefer it, because it has less of an impact on the **environment** ."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker explains that oat milk is preferred because it has a lower impact on the **environment**. This is the factor that consumers are concerned about.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions "water" and "carbon footprint" as reasons for the lower impact, but the **overall concern** is the **environment**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for a **summary or overarching concept** that contains a list of examples (e.g., water use and carbon footprint are examples of impact on the **environment**).

📝 Question 38: has helped strengthen the (38) of Norwegian seafood.
🔹 Correct Answer: **reputation**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "The demand for skrei has been used by a food marketing agency to build the **reputation** of Norway's fisheries in general."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker says the marketing was used to **build the "reputation"** of Norway's fisheries. Building or **strengthening a reputation** are synonymous concepts.
⚠️ Potential Traps: The name of the fish (skrei) and the place (Norway) are distractors for the **required noun**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: **Active listening for synonyms** is crucial in Section 4. **"Strengthen the reputation"** is the same idea as **"build the reputation."**

📝 Question 39: Its success led to an increase in its (39)
🔹 Correct Answer: **price** / **cost**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "This plant is native to Peru, and when demand peaked some years ago, the **price** soared."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker states that the **"price soared."** **Price** (or **cost**) is the single noun that fits this meaning.
⚠️ Potential Traps: None significant. The phrase **"price soared"** is a direct indicator of the answer.
⭐ Key Learning Point: In the context of economic success, the most common consequence discussed is the change in **price**. Listen for words like "soared," "jumped," "dropped," or "fell."

📝 Question 40: Overuse of resources resulted in poor quality (40)
🔹 Correct Answer: **soil**
📍 Location in Audio Script: "One issue has been that the fertility of the **soil** decreased dramatically..."
🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The text states that the fertility of the **"soil"** decreased dramatically. Decreased fertility means the **soil** is of **"poor quality."**
⚠️ Potential Traps: **"Fertility"** is the quality that decreased, but the question asks for the noun that is of poor quality, which is the **soil**.
⭐ Key Learning Point: Be precise with the **cause and effect**. The overuse of resources (cause) led to a loss of quality in the **soil** (effect).