تحلیل لیسنینگ آیلتس آکادمیک و جنرال کمبریج 18 - تست 1: بررسی سوالات، نکات کلیدی و استراتژی‌های پاسخ‌دهی

مقدمه

بخش لیسنینگ، اولین و یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها در آزمون آیلتس است که نیازمند تمرکز بالا و درک شنیداری دقیق می‌باشد. در این مقاله، به تحلیل جامع تست ۱ لیسنینگ از کتاب آیلتس کمبریج ۱۸ (Cambridge IELTS 18) می‌پردازیم. هدف ما شکستن ساختار سوالات، شناسایی تله‌های رایج و ارائه استراتژی‌های کاربردی برای کمک به شما در مدیریت زمان و افزایش دقت پاسخ‌دهی است. این تست شامل چهار بخش با موضوعات و فرمت‌های متنوع سوال است. داوطلبان باید با انواع سوالات مانند Multiple Choice، Form Completion، Matching و Map Labelling آشنا باشند. با ما همراه باشید تا با بررسی جزء به جزء این تست، با اطمینان بیشتری به سراغ آزمون اصلی بروید. 

برای دیدن بقیه‌ی تحلیل‌ها به لینک زیر بروید:

PART 1 Questions 1-10 + Audio Script

📝 Question 1: Postcode "Postcode: 1 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: DW3Q 7YZ

📍 Location in Audio Script: "So next your postcode, please. It’s DW3Q 7YZ."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The answer is stated directly and clearly by Sadie after she is asked for her postcode. This is a straightforward information-giving question.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The conversation includes a brief mention of the area being in "Wells," which is extra information designed to distract you.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In sections requiring specific data like postcodes or phone numbers, focus intently on the direct answer and tune out conversational filler.

📝 Question 2: Date of bus journey "Date of bus journey: 2 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: 24th April

📍 Location in Audio Script: "It’s the 24th of April, isn’t it?"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: After a moment of uncertainty, the man and Sadie confirm the correct date is the 24th of April.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Sadie initially misremembers the date as the 25th. If you write down the first date you hear, you'll get it wrong. The key is to listen for the final, confirmed date.

⭐ Key Learning Point: When speakers are uncertain or correcting each other, always wait for the final confirmation before settling on an answer.

📝 Question 3: Reason for trip "Reason for trip: 3 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: dentist

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Yes. I did some shopping but the main reason I came here was to go to the dentist."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie explicitly states that while she did some shopping, her "main reason" for the trip was the dentist.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The mention of "shopping" is a distractor. The question asks for the primary reason, which Sadie clearly defines.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for keywords like "main reason" or "primary purpose" to distinguish the most important information from secondary details.

📝 Question 4: Travelled by bus because cost of "Travelled by bus because cost of 4 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: parking

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I stopped driving ages ago because parking was so difficult to find and it costs so much."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie gives two reasons for not driving: parking difficulty and parking cost. The question specifically asks about the cost aspect.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The phrase "difficult to find" is a distractor. While it's a valid reason she stopped driving, it doesn't fit the question's focus on cost.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Make sure your answer precisely fits the gap in the question. Here, the keyword was "cost."

📝 Question 5: Got on bus at "Got on bus at 5 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: Claxby

📍 Location in Audio Script: "At the bus stop on Claxby Street."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie states she got on the bus on "Claxby Street." The question asks for the location, making "Claxby" the correct, concise answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Including "Street" in your answer might be acceptable, but often in form-filling, the single place name is what's required.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the level of detail required. If a general location is asked for, a street name might be more specific than needed.

📝 Question 6: Complaints about bus service: bus today was "Complaints about bus service: bus today was 6 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: late

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Well, as I said, it’s very convenient and quick when it’s on time, but this morning it was late."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie directly states that her complaint about the bus that morning was that it was late.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The positive description "convenient and quick when it's on time" is a classic distractor set up to contrast with the actual problem.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Words like "but," "however," or "although" are signals that a contrast or the real answer is coming.

📝 Question 7: Complaints about bus service: frequency of buses in the "...frequency of buses in the 7 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: evening

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...any time I’ve been in town in the evening – for dinner or at the cinema – I’ve noticed you have to wait a long time for a bus – there aren’t that many."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie specifies that the low frequency of buses is a problem she has noticed in the "evening."

⚠️ Potential Traps: She mentions she mostly uses the bus "during the day," which could mislead you. However, her complaint about frequency is specifically about the evening service.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Always link the problem (low frequency) to the specific context or time mentioned (the evening).

📝 Question 8: Goes to the _____ by car "Goes to the 8 ......... by car"

🔹 Correct Answer: supermarket

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Mainly just to go to the supermarket."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: When asked what she uses the car for, Sadie gives a direct answer: going to the supermarket.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The mention of her husband using the car to go to the "golf club" is a distractor. The question is about her use of the car.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Always focus on who the question is about. Don't get distracted by information related to other people mentioned in the conversation.

📝 Question 9: Dislikes travelling by bike in the city centre because of the "...because of the 9 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: pollution

📍 Location in Audio Script: "No – I’m not keen on cycling there because of all the pollution."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie explicitly states "pollution" as the reason she avoids cycling in the city centre.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The preceding talk about "city bikes you can rent" is context but doesn't answer the "why not" part of the question.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for cause-and-effect language like "because" to pinpoint the reasons behind a speaker's opinion or actions.

📝 Question 10: Doesn’t own a bike because of a lack of "...because of a lack of 10 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: storage

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Well, I live in a flat – on the second floor and it doesn’t have any storage..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Sadie directly attributes her not owning a bike to a lack of "storage."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The details about living in a flat on the second floor are descriptive context, but the core problem identified in the audio is the storage issue.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Differentiate between the main reason and the supporting details. The question asks for the direct cause.
 

Part 1: Audio Script

MAN: Excuse me. Would you mind if I asked you some questions? We’re doing a survey on transport.

SADIE: Yes, that’s OK.

MAN: First of all, can I take your name?

SADIE: Yes. It’s Sadie Jones.

MAN: Thanks very much. And could I have your date of birth – just the year will do, actually. Is that all right?

SADIE: Yes, that’s fine. It’s 1991.

MAN: So next your postcode, please.

SADIE: 📍Q1 It’s DW3Q 7YZ.

MAN: Great. Thanks. Is that in Wells?

SADIE: No it’s actually in Harborne - Wells isn’t far from there, though.

MAN: I really like that area. My grandmother lived there when I was a kid.

SADIE: Yes, it is nice.

MAN: Right, so now I want to ask you some questions about how you travelled here today. Did you use public transport?

SADIE: Yes. I came by bus.

MAN: OK. And that was today. 📍Q2 It’s the 24th of April, isn’t it?

SADIE: Isn’t it the 25th? No, actually, you’re right.

MAN: Ha ha. And what was the reason for your trip today? I can see you’ve got some shopping with you.

SADIE: 📍Q3 Yes. I did some shopping but the main reason I came here was to go to the dentist.

MAN: That’s not much fun. Hope it was nothing serious.

SADIE: No, it was just a check-up. It’s fine.

MAN: Good. Do you normally travel by bus into the city centre?

SADIE: 📍Q4 Yes. I stopped driving ages ago because parking was so difficult to find and it costs so much.

MAN: I see.

SADIE: The bus is much more convenient too. It only takes about 30 minutes.

MAN: That’s good. So where did you start your journey?

SADIE: 📍Q5 At the bus stop on Claxby Street.

MAN: Is that C-L-A-X-B-Y?

SADIE: That’s right.

MAN: And how satisfied with the service are you? Do you have any complaints?

SADIE: 📍Q6 Well, as I said, it’s very convenient and quick when it’s on time, but this morning it was late. Only about 10 minutes, but still.

MAN: Yes, I understand that’s annoying. And what about the timetable? Do you have any comments about that?

SADIE: 📍Q7 Mmm. I suppose I mainly use the bus during the day, but any time I’ve been in town in the evening – for dinner or at the cinema – I’ve noticed you have to wait a long time for a bus – there aren’t that many.

MAN: OK, thanks. So now I’d like to ask you about your car use.

SADIE: 📍Q8 Well, I have got a car but I don’t use it that often. Mainly just to go to the supermarket. But that’s about it really. My husband uses it at the weekends to go to the golf club.

MAN: And what about a bicycle?

SADIE: I don’t actually have one at the moment.

MAN: What about the city bikes you can rent? Do you ever use those?

SADIE: 📍Q9 No – I’m not keen on cycling there because of all the pollution. But I would like to get a bike – it would be good to use it to get to work.

MAN: So why haven’t you got one now?

SADIE: 📍Q10 Well, I live in a flat – on the second floor and it doesn’t have any storage – so we’d have to leave it in the hall outside the flat.

MAN: I see. OK. Well, I think that’s all…

PART 2 Questions 11-20 + Audio Script

📝 Question 11: Why does the speaker apologise about the seats?

🔹 Correct Answer: C - Some of them are very close together.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...we have brought in extra seats... but it does mean that the people at the back of the room may be a bit squashed."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker uses the word "squashed" to describe the situation. This is a direct synonym for being "very close together."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions bringing in "extra seats," which might make you think there aren't enough (ruling out one distractor), but the actual problem is the lack of space between them.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for paraphrasing. The test often uses different words in the options to express the same idea you hear in the audio (e.g., squashed = close together).

📝 Question 12: What does the speaker say about the age of volunteers?

🔹 Correct Answer: A - The age of volunteers is less important than other factors.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Other considerations, such as reliability, are crucial in voluntary work and age isn’t related to these, in our experience."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker explicitly downplays the importance of age compared to other qualities like reliability, stating age "isn't related" to these "crucial" factors.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions an age range from 16 to 60+, but this is just a description, not the main point. The answer isn't that most volunteers are older or that younger ones are unreliable.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Don't just pick an answer because it contains a keyword you heard (like "age"). You must understand the full point the speaker is making about that keyword.

📝 Question 13: What does the speaker say about training?

🔹 Correct Answer: A - It is continuous.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...training doesn’t end when you start working for us – it takes place before, during and after periods of work."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The phrase "before, during and after" is a clear way of saying the training is ongoing, or "continuous."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio might mention that training is face-to-face or run by volunteers, but the question asks what the speaker says about it, and the key message emphasized is its continuous nature.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the main characteristic being described. The speaker's emphasis on training not ending is the central point.

📝 Questions 14 & 15: Which TWO issues does the speaker ask the audience to consider before they apply to be volunteers?

🔹 Correct Answers: B - their level of commitment; E - their availability

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...it is critical that you have enough hours in the day... What we value is dedication."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Having enough hours in the day" directly relates to availability. "Dedication" is a synonym for commitment.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker explicitly rules out financial status ("we don't ask about that"), and there is no mention of work experience or personal ambition as pre-application considerations.

⭐ Key Learning Point: For "choose TWO" questions, listen for two distinct points. Notice how the speaker uses strong, defining language like "it is critical" and "what we value."

📝 Question 16: Fundraising

🔹 Correct Answer: B - original, new ideas

📍 Location in Audio Script: "If you have the creativity to come up with an imaginative or novel way of fundraising, we’d be delighted..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Imaginative or novel" ideas are, by definition, "original, new ideas." This is a clear case of paraphrasing.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Other skills are mentioned for other roles. You must match the right skill to the right activity (fundraising).

⭐ Key Learning Point: In matching tasks, keep your focus on the category mentioned (e.g., "Fundraising") and listen only for the information related to it before moving on.

📝 Question 17: Litter collection

🔹 Correct Answer: G - a good level of fitness

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...for this it’s useful if you can walk for long periods, sometimes uphill."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The ability to "walk for long periods, sometimes uphill" clearly implies that "a good level of fitness" is required.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker mentions some collectors are "elderly, but very active." This could be confusing, but the key is that they are "active," which reinforces the need for fitness, regardless of age.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Understand the implication behind a description. The test won't always use the exact words; you need to interpret the meaning.

📝 Question 18: ‘Playmates’

🔹 Correct Answer: D - an understanding of food and diet

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...it’s good if you know something about nutrition and can give clear instructions."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Knowing about "nutrition" is the same as having "an understanding of food and diet."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker says, "You don’t need to have children yourself," which is a direct attempt to distract you from what is helpful for the role.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for what is needed, not what isn't. The test often includes statements to rule out incorrect assumptions.

📝 Question 19: Story club

🔹 Correct Answer: A - experience on stage

📍 Location in Audio Script: "especially if you have done some acting... we’re always looking for support with the theatrical side of this."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Having "done some acting" and helping with the "theatrical side" directly points to having "experience on stage."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The name "Story club" might make you look for answers related to reading or writing stories, but the audio specifies the need for performance skills.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Don't rely on assumptions based on a single word in the question ("story"). Listen to the full description to understand the specific skills required.

📝 Question 20: First aid

🔹 Correct Answer: F - a good memory

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...your priority will be to take in a lot of information and not forget any important steps or details."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The instruction to "not forget any important steps or details" is a clear indicator that "a good memory" is essential.

⚠️ Potential Traps: First aid involves many skills, but the speaker specifically highlights the importance of retaining information as the "priority."

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to words that signal importance, such as "priority," "essential," or "most importantly."

Part 2: Audio Script

Good evening, everyone. Let me start by welcoming you all to this talk and thanking you for taking the time to consider joining ACE voluntary organisation. ACE offers support to people and services in the local area and we’re now looking for more volunteers to help us do this.

By the way, I hope you’re all comfortable – 📍Q11 we have brought in extra seats so that no one has to stand, but it does mean that the people at the back of the room may be a bit squashed. We’ll only be here for about half an hour so, hopefully, that’s OK.

One of the first questions we’re often asked is how old you need to be to volunteer. Well, you can be as young as 16 or you can be 60 or over; it all depends on what type of voluntary work you want to do. 📍Q12 Other considerations, such as reliability, are crucial in voluntary work and age isn’t related to these, in our experience.

Another question we get asked relates to training. Well, there’s plenty of that and it’s all face-to-face. 📍Q13 What’s more, training doesn’t end when you start working for us – it takes place before, during and after periods of work. Often, it’s run by other experienced volunteers as managers tend to prefer to get on with other things.

Now, I would ask you to consider a couple of important issues before you decide to apply for voluntary work. We don’t worry about why you want to be a volunteer - people have many different reasons that range from getting work experience to just doing something they’ve always wanted to do. 📍Q15 But it is critical that you have enough hours in the day for whatever role we agree is suitable for you - if being a volunteer becomes stressful then it’s best not to do it at all. You may think that your income is important, but we don’t ask about that. It’s up to you to decide if you can work without earning money. 📍Q14 What we value is dedication. Some of our most loyal volunteers earn very little themselves but still give their full energy to the work they do with us.

OK, so let’s take a look at some of the work areas that we need volunteers for and the sort of things that would help you in those.

📍Q16 You may wish simply to help us raise money. If you have the creativity to come up with an imaginative or novel way of fundraising, we’d be delighted, as standing in the local streets or shops with a collection box can be rather boring!

📍Q17 One outdoor activity that we need volunteers for is litter collection and for this it’s useful if you can walk for long periods, sometimes uphill. Some of our regular collectors are quite elderly, but very active and keen to protect the environment.

📍Q18 If you enjoy working with children, we have three vacancies for what are called ‘playmates’. These volunteers help children learn about staying healthy through a range of out-of-school activities. You don’t need to have children yourself, but it’s good if you know something about nutrition and can give clear instructions.

📍Q19 If that doesn’t appeal to you, maybe you would be interested in helping out at our story club for disabled children, especially if you have done some acting. We put on three performances a year based on books they have read and we’re always looking for support with the theatrical side of this.

📍Q20 The last area I’ll mention today is first aid. Volunteers who join this group can end up teaching others in vulnerable groups who may be at risk of injury. Initially, though, your priority will be to take in a lot of information and not forget any important steps or details.

Right, so does anyone have any questions…

PART 3 Questions 21-30 + Audio Script

📝 Question 21: What problem did Chantal have at the start of the talk?

🔹 Correct Answer: A - Her view of the speaker was blocked.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...then this guy sat right in front of me and he was so tall!"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Chantal's complaint about a "tall" guy sitting "right in front" of her clearly means her view was obstructed.

⚠️ Potential Traps: She mentions getting a seat so she wouldn't have to stand, but this was her successful intention, not the problem. The problem occurred after she sat down.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Distinguish between the context and the actual problem being described.

📝 Question 22: What were Hugo and Chantal surprised to hear about the job market?

🔹 Correct Answer: B - There is more variety in it than they had realised.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...it looks like there’s a whole range of … areas of work that we hadn’t even thought of – like fashion journalism..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The phrase "a whole range of areas... that we hadn't even thought of" directly expresses their surprise at the variety of jobs.

⚠️ Potential Traps: They might agree that the market is competitive, but this isn't what surprised them during the talk.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Focus on the element of surprise. What was the new or unexpected information for the speakers?

📝 Question 23: Hugo and Chantal agree that the speaker’s message was

🔹 Correct Answer: A - unfair to them at times.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "It was a bit harsh, though!... Perhaps she thinks students are a bit narrow-minded about the industry."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Hugo calls the message "a bit harsh," and Chantal agrees, interpreting it as the speaker thinking students are "narrow-minded." Both feel the criticism was somewhat unjust, or "unfair."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The message was strong, but they don't say it was hard to follow. Their criticism is about the tone and perceived judgment, not the clarity.

⭐ Key Learning Point: For agreement questions, listen for one speaker to state an opinion (e.g., "It was harsh") and the other to confirm or add to it.

📝 Question 24: What do Hugo and Chantal criticise about their school careers advice?

🔹 Correct Answer: C - who gave the advice

📍 Location in Audio Script: "We were told about lots of different careers... but not by the experts who really know stuff."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Their criticism is very specific: the people giving the advice were not "experts." This is a critique of who gave it.

⚠️ Potential Traps: They explicitly state the timing was right ("just when we needed to be") and they were told about "lots of different careers," so the issue wasn't the timing or quantity of advice.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pinpoint the exact source of criticism. The word "but" is a key signal that the real point or complaint is about to be stated.

📝 Question 25: When discussing their future, Hugo and Chantal disagree on

🔹 Correct Answer: B - when to choose a career in fashion.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I’d go through this course and keep an open mind till the end... But I think it’s better to pick an area of the industry now..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: Chantal wants to wait until the "end" of the course, while Hugo thinks it's better to choose "now." This is a clear disagreement on the timing of the decision.

⚠️ Potential Traps: They are both committed to a career in fashion, so they don't disagree on the career itself, only on the timeline for choosing a specialty.

⭐ Key Learning Point: To identify disagreement, listen for one speaker to state a plan or opinion, and the other to present a contrasting one, often starting with "But..." or "Well, I think..."

📝 Question 26: How does Hugo feel about being an unpaid assistant?

🔹 Correct Answer: A - He is realistic about the practice.

📍 Location in Audio Script: "I’m prepared for that, aren’t you?"

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: By saying, "I'm prepared for that," Hugo shows he accepts it as a necessary or expected part of entering the industry. This is a realistic attitude.

⚠️ Potential Traps: He doesn't express any strong positive or negative emotion about it (like thinking it's exciting or unfair); he simply accepts it as reality.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Pay attention to the tone and phrasing used to describe feelings. "I'm prepared for that" denotes acceptance and realism, not enthusiasm or anger.

📝 Questions 27 & 28: Which TWO mistakes did the speaker admit she made in her first job?

🔹 Correct Answers: B - paying too much attention to how she looked; E - openly disliking her client

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...telling her she was more interested in her own appearance than his!... she should have hidden her negative feelings about him, but she didn’t."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speakers relay two clear mistakes: 1) her client accused her of being more interested in her "own appearance," and 2) she admits she "should have hidden her negative feelings" but failed to do so. ⚠️ Potential Traps: The audio mentions she wasn't looking for financial reward, so that wasn't a mistake. The other options are not mentioned as mistakes she admitted to. ⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen carefully for phrases that indicate regret or error, such as "she should have..." or recounting a criticism someone made of her.

📝 Questions 29 & 30: Which TWO pieces of retail information do Hugo and Chantal agree would be useful?

🔹 Correct Answers: A - the reasons people return fashion items; C - fashion designs people want but can’t find

📍 Location in Audio Script: "...people also take things back to the store if they aren’t right... it would be useful to know if there’s a gap in the market... an item that no one’s stocking but that consumers are looking for."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: They agree on two points: 1) understanding why people "take things back" (return items) is useful, and 2) finding a "gap in the market" where consumers are "looking for" something that isn't stocked.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The conversation is about retail, but the other options are either not mentioned or not agreed upon by both speakers as being useful.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In "agree" questions with two speakers and two answers, you need to track the conversation to ensure both speakers consent that both points are valid/useful.
 

Part 3: Audio Script

HUGO: Hi Chantal. What did you think of the talk, then?

CHANTAL: Hi Hugo. I thought it was good once I’d moved seats.

HUGO: Oh - were the people beside you chatting or something?

CHANTAL: 📍Q21 It wasn’t that. I went early so that I’d get a seat and not have to stand, but then this guy sat right in front of me and he was so tall!

HUGO: It’s hard to see through people’s heads, isn’t it?

CHANTAL: Impossible! Anyway, to answer your question, I thought it was really interesting, especially what the speaker said about the job market.

HUGO: Me too. I mean we know we’re going into a really competitive field so it’s obvious that we may struggle to get work.

CHANTAL: That’s right – and we know we can’t all have that ‘dream job’.

HUGO: 📍Q22 Yeah, but it looks like there’s a whole range of … areas of work that we hadn’t even thought of – like fashion journalism, for instance.

CHANTAL: Yeah – I wasn’t expecting so many career options.

HUGO: Mmm. Overall, she had quite a strong message, didn’t she?

CHANTAL: She did. She kept saying things like ‘I know you all think this, but …’ and then she’d tell us how it really is.

HUGO: Perhaps she thinks students are a bit narrow-minded about the industry.

CHANTAL: 📍Q23 It was a bit harsh, though! We know it’s a tough industry.

HUGO: Yeah – and we’re only first years, after all. We’ve got a lot to learn.

CHANTAL: Exactly. Do you think our secondary-school education should have been more career-focused?

HUGO: 📍Q24 Well, we had numerous talks on careers, which was good, but none of them were very inspiring. They could have asked more people like today’s speaker to talk to us.

CHANTAL: I agree. We were told about lots of different careers – just when we needed to be, but not by the experts who really know stuff.

HUGO: So did today’s talk influence your thoughts on what career you’d like to take up in the future?

CHANTAL: 📍Q25 Well. I promised myself that I’d go through this course and keep an open mind till the end.

HUGO: But I think it’s better to pick an area of the industry now and then aim to get better and better at it.

CHANTAL: Well, I think we’ll just have to differ on that issue!

HUGO: One thing’s for certain, though. From what she said, we’ll be unpaid assistants in the industry for quite a long time.

CHANTAL: Mmm.

HUGO: 📍Q26 I’m prepared for that, aren’t you?

CHANTAL: Actually, I’m not going to accept that view.

HUGO: Really? But she knows it’s the case - and everyone else says the same.

CHANTAL: That doesn’t mean it has to be true for me.

HUGO: OK. Well – I hope you’re right!

CHANTAL: I thought the speaker’s account of her first job was fascinating.

HUGO: Yeah – she admitted she was lucky to get work being a personal dresser for a musician. She didn’t even apply for the job and there she was getting paid to choose all his clothes.

CHANTAL: It must have felt amazing – though she said all she was looking for back then was experience, not financial reward.

HUGO: 📍Q27 Mmm. And then he was so mean, telling her she was more interested in her own appearance than his!

CHANTAL: But – she did realise he was right about that, which really made me think. I’m always considering my own clothes but now I can see you should be focusing on your client!

HUGO: She obviously regretted losing the job.

CHANTAL: 📍Q28 Well, as she said, she should have hidden her negative feelings about him, but she didn’t.

HUGO: It was really brave the way she picked herself up and took that job in retail. Fancy working in a shop after that!

CHANTAL: Yeah – well, she recommended we all do it at some point. I guess as a designer you’d get to find out some useful information, like how big or small the average shopper is.

HUGO: I think that’s an issue for manufacturers, not designers. 📍Q30 However, it would be useful to know if there’s a gap in the market – you know, an item that no one’s stocking but that consumers are looking for.

CHANTAL: Yeah, people don’t give up searching. 📍Q29 They also take things back to the store if they aren’t right.

HUGO: Yeah. Imagine you worked in an expensive shop and you found out the garments sold there were being returned because they … fell apart in the wash!

CHANTAL: Yeah, it would be good to know that kind of thing.

HUGO: Yeah.

PART 4 Questions 31-40 + Audio Script

📝 Question 31: damage to ... in the park "damage to 31 ......... in the park"

🔹 Correct Answer: fences

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Elephants were routinely knocking down fences around the park..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker explicitly states that elephants were knocking down "fences." This is a direct answer.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The broader problem is overpopulation leading to food shortages, but the specific physical damage mentioned is to the fences.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In note completion, listen for the exact noun that fits the blank. The sentence structure often mirrors what you will hear.

📝 Question 32: a suitable group of elephants from the same ... was selected "...from the same 32 ......... was selected"

🔹 Correct Answer: family

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Elephants were moved in groups of between eight and twenty, all belonging to one family."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker clearly defines the grouping criteria: "all belonging to one family."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The numbers "eight and twenty" are mentioned, but they describe the size of the group, not the relationship within it. The key relationship is "family."

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for the defining characteristic. The numbers are just details; the principle of selection was family.

📝 Question 33: vets and park staff made use of ... to help guide the elephants "...made use of 33 ......... to help guide the elephants"

🔹 Correct Answer: helicopters

📍 Location in Audio Script: "A team of vets and park rangers flew over the park in helicopters and targeted a group..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The audio states the team "flew over the park in helicopters" to manage the elephants.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Vets and park rangers are the people using the tool. The question asks what they made use of.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Differentiate between the actor and the tool. The question asks for the "what," not the "who."

📝 Question 34: this process had to be completed quickly to reduce ... "...completed quickly to reduce 34 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: stress

📍 Location in Audio Script: "This also had to be done as quickly as possible so as to minimise the stress caused."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker gives an explicit reason for the speed: "to minimise the stress."

⚠️ Potential Traps: While the overall process has risks like injury or death, the specific reason given for the speed of the operation was to reduce stress.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Listen for purpose-driven language like "so as to," "in order to," or "because" to connect an action to its reason.

📝 Question 35: elephants had to be turned on their ... "...turned on their 35 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: sides

📍 Location in Audio Script: "So all the elephants had to be placed on their sides."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: This is a direct statement of the action taken.

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker first explains the danger of them "lying on their chests." This is the problem they are avoiding. The solution and action taken was placing them on their "sides."

⭐ Key Learning Point: Be clear on the difference between a problem being described and the solution or action taken to fix it.

📝 Question 36: elephants’ ... had to be monitored constantly "elephants’ 36 ......... had to be monitored constantly"

🔹 Correct Answer: breathing 📍 Location in Audio Script: "It was very important to keep an eye on their breathing..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The phrase "keep an eye on" is a synonym for "monitored," and it was their "breathing" that needed watching.

⚠️ Potential Traps: Many things were probably checked, but the audio specifically highlights "breathing" as something to be watched constantly.

⭐ Key Learning Point: In a list of procedures, listen for the specific one that matches the question's verb (in this case, "monitored").

📝 Question 37: data including the size of their tusks and ... was taken "...tusks and 37 ......... was taken"

🔹 Correct Answer: feet

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Measurements were taken of each elephant’s tusks…and also of their feet."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker lists two items that were measured: tusks and "feet."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The speaker also mentions fitting collars to track the matriarchs. While this is part of the process, it's not a measurement taken in the same way as tusks and feet.

⭐ Key Learning Point: When you hear a list, make sure you write down the item that correctly completes the pair mentioned in the question (tusks and ...).

📝 Question 38: ... opportunities "38 ......... opportunities"

🔹 Correct Answer: employment

📍 Location in Audio Script: "Employment prospects have improved enormously..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: "Employment prospects" is a direct synonym for "employment opportunities."

⚠️ Potential Traps: The lecture is about conservation, so you might expect an answer related to the environment. However, the benefit highlighted here is economic.

⭐ Key Learning Point: Don't let the main topic of the lecture limit your thinking. The answer could be from a different field (like economics or tourism).

📝 Question 39: a reduction in the number of poachers and ... "...poachers and 39 ........."

🔹 Correct Answer: weapons

📍 Location in Audio Script: "In fact, many of them volunteered to give up their weapons..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker notes that former poachers gave up their "weapons."

⚠️ Potential Traps: You might automatically think of another poaching-related word, but the answer is explicitly stated as "weapons."

⭐ Key Learning Point: Do not predict the answer based on logic alone. Listen for the exact word used in the audio.

📝 Question 40: an increase in ... as a contributor to GDP "...increase in 40 ......... as a contributor to GDP"

🔹 Correct Answer: tourism

📍 Location in Audio Script: "All this has been a big draw for tourism, which contributes five times more than the illegal wildlife trade to GDP..."

🔹 Analysis of the Answer: The speaker explicitly names "tourism" as the industry that has grown to become a major contributor to GDP.

⚠️ Potential Traps: After a long talk about elephants and conservation, "tourism" might feel like an unexpected answer, but it's clearly stated as the final point.

⭐ Key Learning Point: The final question in Part 4 can sometimes be a broader consequence or impact of the main topic. Be ready to switch focus slightly at the very end.

Part 4: Audio Script

For my presentation today I want to tell you about how groups of elephants have been moved and settled in new reserves. This is known as translocation and has been carried out in Malawi in Africa in recent years. The reason this is being done is because of overpopulation of elephants in some areas.

Overpopulation is a good problem to have and not one we tend to hear about very often. In Malawi’s Majete National Park the elephant population had been wiped out by poachers, who killed the elephants for their ivory. But in 2003, the park was restocked and effective law enforcement was introduced. Since then, not a single elephant has been poached. In this safe environment, the elephant population boomed. Breeding went so well that there were more elephants than the park could support.

This led to a number of problems. Firstly, there was more competition for food, which meant that some elephants were suffering from hunger. As there was a limit to the amount of food in the national park, some elephants began looking further afield. 📍Q31 Elephants were routinely knocking down fences around the park, which then had to be repaired at a significant cost.

To solve this problem, the decision was made to move dozens of elephants from Majete National Park to Nkhotakota Wildlife Park, where there were no elephants. But, obviously, attempting to move significant numbers of elephants to a new home 300 kilometres away is quite a challenge.

So how did this translocation process work in practice?

📍Q32 Elephants were moved in groups of between eight and twenty, all belonging to one family. Because relationships are very important to elephants, they all had to be moved at the same time. 📍Q33 A team of vets and park rangers flew over the park in helicopters and targeted a group, which were rounded up and directed to a designated open plain.

The vets then used darts to immobilise the elephants – this was a tricky manoeuvre, as they not only had to select the right dose of tranquiliser for different-sized elephants but they had to dart the elephants as they were running around. 📍Q34 This also had to be done as quickly as possible so as to minimise the stress caused. As soon as the elephants began to flop onto the ground, the team moved in to take care of them.

📍Q35 To avoid the risk of suffocation, the team had to make sure none of the elephants were lying on their chests because their lungs could be crushed in this position. So all the elephants had to be placed on their sides. One person stayed with each elephant while they waited for the vets to do checks. 📍Q36 It was very important to keep an eye on their breathing – if there were fewer than six breaths per minute, the elephant would need urgent medical attention. Collars were fitted to the matriarch in each group so their movements could be tracked in their new home. 📍Q37 Measurements were taken of each elephant’s tusks – elephants with large tusks would be at greater risk from poachers – and also of their feet. The elephants were then taken to a recovery area before being loaded onto trucks and transported to their new home.

The elephants translocated to Nkhotakota settled in very well and the project has generally been accepted to have been a huge success – and not just for the elephants. 📍Q38 Employment prospects have improved enormously, contributing to rising living standards for the whole community. Poaching is no longer an issue, as former poachers are able to find more reliable sources of income. 📍Q39 In fact, many of them volunteered to give up their weapons, as they were no longer of any use to them.

More than two dozen elephants have been born at Nkhotakota since relocation. With an area of more than 1,800 square kilometres, there’s plenty of space for the elephant population to continue to grow. Their presence is also helping to rebalance Nkhotakota’s damaged ecosystem and providing a sustainable conservation model, which could be replicated in other parks. 📍Q40 All this has been a big draw for tourism, which contributes five times more than the illegal wildlife trade to GDP, and this is mainly because of the elephants. There’s also been a dramatic rise in interest…